704 ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications Table 1 – Comparison and analysis of common metadata standards Applicable Type User Purpose CDWA Works of art, architecture, other material culture, groups and collections of works, and related images Art historians, art information professionals, and information providers Provide art categorization, make information of diverse systems both more compatible and more accessible VRA Works of visual culture as well as the images Art collection organization Description of works of visual culture as well as the images DC Online resources Anyone, including experts, academics, students and library staff Resource discovery FGDC Digital geospatial data Government, research institute, and company Share of geographic data, maps, and online services through an online portal GILS Federal information resources Government Identify, locate, and describe publicly available Federal information resources, including electronic information resources EAD Archival and manuscript collections at Harvard Archives and manuscripts libraries Materials, including letters, diaries, photographs, drawings, printed material, and objects TEI Electronic text Libraries, museums, publishers, and individual scholars to present texts for online research, teaching, and preservation A set of guidelines that specify encoding methods for machine‐readable texts, chiefly in the humanities, social sciences, and linguistics Within open data initiatives/communities, metadata is used to support the description of data sets (including data services), as well as documents and applications. Only if metadata structure and meaning are sufficiently uniform or self‐explanatory, a central portal can be realized, to consolidate various data offers and the contents of existing external metadata catalogs. The implementation of consistent metadata in SSC is often driven by public decision‐makers, data providers, developers and other open data initiatives, or application requirements. Metadata can be the foundation of resource description that can facilitate a shared understanding across business and technical domains. Metadata focuses on the essentials along with great flexibility without wasting time to process and understand the described data. For that reason, making metadata machine readable greatly increases its utility, but requires more detailed open standardization. 5.2 Linked data Linked data primarily describes the result of consistently applying semantic web principles and technologies when publishing structured data that allows metadata to be connected and enriched, so that different representations of the same content can be found, and links made between related resources. It builds upon standard web technologies such as HTTP, RDF and URIs, but rather than using them to serve web pages for human readers, which extends them to share information in a