ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 571 networks can be supported by social media tools to discuss and give visibility to climate‐related agendas that respond to the needs and priorities of low‐income urban populations. ICTs used in support of social networking can also improve the capacity of low‐income urban communities to respond effectively in the case of climate‐induced emergencies, as well as to access information about markets, employment opportunities and livelihood alternatives. Tools such as online training, blogging or web 2.0 tools; can contribute to disseminate knowledge and strengthen capacity of the experts involved in the process of resilience building and disaster risk management programs. As suggested by the Nexus on ICTs, climate change and development initiative (NICCD, 2011), \"Social media tools can also support public awareness and education campaigns, as well as foster participative processes. ICT applications such as participatory videos, photo‐diaries or the use of mobile phones for collective mapping/monitoring exercises, could be used to foster greater involvement of low‐income urban dwellers in climate change and risk‐reduction initiatives, involving them in decisions such as the best location for drinking water supplies in case of sudden salinization, or failures in drainage systems due to floods.\" ICTs can also be applied to facilitate communication and exchange between local governments, communities, grass‐roots organisations and researchers working in urban development programmes, strengthening transparency, accountability and public support (Box 13). Box 13. Social media for rising temperature adaptation in Eldoret, Kenya. The local community of Rift Valley in the Kenyan city of Eldoret, have been working to raise public awareness about climate change and how to adapt to rising temperatures in the region. They educated themselves by attending workshops and conferences organized by environmental organizations. The group has more than 900 followers on Facebook, who access the information shared on the site and have online discussions about farming. Use of social media networks among young Kenyans is growing rapidly. Most use them for socializing, however YVE views them as a means to reach young farmers. Recent changes in weather patterns have affected cereal farmers in parts of the Rift Valley, and planting maize every year is an increasing challenge because of irregular rainfall, as well as outbreaks of pest‐borne diseases such as maize lethal necrosis. Farmers need of good information about changing weather patterns and ICT tools: Facebook and mobile SMS have been very useful for them. Source: Kemboi, C. (2013) Young farmers turn to social media to adapt to climate change. http://www.trust.org/item/20130716085920‐k63xg/?source=spotlight ICTs can help strengthen the capacity of institutions involved in processes of climate change adaptation, improving the availability of resources and skills needed for effective adaptation. For example, online training programs and access to broader networks of practitioners and experts to share lessons and resources could help to strengthening the institutional capacity of those involved in processes of urban planning and design. It is important to acknowledge that, through their role in the three categories mentioned above (i.e., enhanced disaster risk management, city resilience and adaptive capacity, and informed decision making), ICTs are also contributing to facilitate the integration of climate change adaptation into broader national development planning processes, which constitutes a key goal of adaptation strategies. The examples included in Table 4 reflect the potential role of ICTs towards this end: