538 ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 19 http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/swm_ cities_ zaragoza_ 2010/pdf/01_ water_ quality_ and_ sanitation.pdf 20 http://www.wri.org/resources/maps/aqueduct‐water‐risk‐atlas 21 Jiménez Cisneros, B.E., T. Oki, N.W. Arnell, G. Benito, J.G. Cogley, P. Döll, T. Jiang, and S.S. Mwakalila, 2014: Freshwater resources. In: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Field, C.B., V.R. Barros, D.J. Dokken, K.J. Mach, M.D. Mastrandrea, T.E. Bilir, M. Chatterjee, K.L. Ebi, Y.O. Estrada, R.C. Genova, B. Girma, E.S. Kissel, A.N. Levy, S. MacCracken, P.R. Mastrandrea, and L.L. White (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 229‐269. http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment‐report/ar5/wg2/WGIIAR5‐Chap3_ FINAL.pdf 22 Major, D.C., Omojola, A., Dettinger, M., Hanson, R.T., and Sanchez‐Rodriguez, R. (2011), Climate Change, Water, and Wastewater in Cities. Climate Change and Cities: First Assessment Report of the Urban Climate Change Research Network, Rosenzweig, C., Solecki, W. D., Hammer, S., Mehrotra, S., (Eds), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 113–143. http://uccrn.org/wp‐content/uploads/2011/06/ARC3‐Chapter‐5‐Optimized.pdf 23 OECD (2013), Policies to Support Smart Water Systems: Lessons from Countries Experience, Working Party of Biodiversity, Water and Ecosystems, OECD Environment Policy Committee, 30‐31 May 2012, Paris. 24 Berst, J., Enbysk, L., and Williams, C. (2013), Smart Cities Readiness Guide: The Planning Manual for Building Tomorrow's Cities Today, Smart Cities Council, http://www.corviale.com/wp‐content/uploads/2013/12/guida‐per‐le‐smart‐city.pdf 25 Hauser, A. (2012), An Architectural Framework for Smart Water Networks. 26 An example of this type of research was conducted by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, North‐Western University, Illinois, USA, which developed a \"Smart Pipe\" prototype in 2009. Further information can be found at: http://www.isws.illinois.edu/gws/sensor/smartpipe/). 27 http://www.allianceforwaterefficiency.org/smart‐meter‐introduction.aspx 28 Examples include \"CityCat\" developed by Newcastle University. The system uses cloud computing to estimate spatial and temporal flood risk on a city scale. Further information is available at: http://icfr2013.ex.ac.uk/papers/D3_ Glenis.pdf). 29 http://www.automationworld.com/sites/default/files/styles/lightbox/public/field/image/ 120723scada_ web.png?itok=IlXV7wPd 30 Aoun, C. (2013), The Smart City Cornerstone: Urban Efficiency. http://www.digital21.gov.hk/sc/relatedDoc/download/2013/079%20SchneiderElectric%20(Annex).pdf 31 Datta, B., and Harikrishna, V. (2004), Optimization Applications in Water Resources Systems Engineering. http://www.iitk.ac.in/directions/directsept04/bithin~ new.pdf 32 Dondeynaz, C., Mainardi, P., Carmona‐Moreno, C., I and Leone, A. (2009), A web based communication and information system tool for water management in developing countries, 34th WEDC International Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. http://wedc.lboro.ac.uk/resources/conference/34/Dondeynaz_ C_‐_ 292.pdf 33 http://www.sweetmaps.com/blog/wp‐content/uploads/2011/01/BCC_ esri_ flood_ map.jpg 34 http://www.bom.gov.au/water/about/publications/document/InfoSheet_ 3.pdf