ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 523 Box 1 – Augmented Reality based Water Infrastructure Management Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that extends and enhances human awareness, by superimposing digital information acquired using ICT in real world information that humans obtain via sight and hearing. Highly recognizable augmented reality markers are required for water infrastructure maintenance. Mobile devices can allow to recognizing them easily, despite conditions such as darkness, outdoor environments, dusty areas, or places that are difficult to access. This technology is applied in water infrastructure management and maintenance practices to obtain optimal information for an operation on site, linking real images by simply pointing the camera of a smart device towards an augmented reality marker. The appropriate information can be adjusted to specific needs and job descriptions. For example, an inspection worker should see checkpoints, while a worker conducting repairs should see maintenance procedures. Augmented reality technology enables more efficient and higher quality of maintenance operations by prompt access to necessary information including procedures and veterans’ know‐how via images and recorded sounds which allows a worker intuitive understanding of what he or she should do. Indeed, daily communication for water infrastructure management and maintenance practice was typically implemented by oral or on whiteboard and papers. This makes it difficult to ensure accurate information and know‐how sharing among workers and becomes a reason to decrease quality of maintenance.