ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 461 When the fire alarm notifies the access control system of an emergency, provision can be made that no unauthorized individuals can enter the building while everybody who is already in the building can exit without constraint. Alarms caused by magnetic locks which have been released owing to the fire alarm, will be ignored, and lights throughout the building can be automatically energized so that first responders are not faced with a situation wherein they looking for the light switches. 1.4 Elevators and escalators Through suitable programming, the number of elevators being used at any one time can be optimized to address schedules, loads and potentially, emergencies; e.g., if paramedics require an elevator, it can be automatically configured to provide exclusive use for such purposes under an emergency situation. There are many advances in elevator programming which have been pioneered by some of the large elevator manufacturers, e.g., provision of call buttons on the main entrance floor which allow random selection of elevators which will provide express rides to the floors identified by each individual's access credentials. Thus, different users going to the same floor will all be channelled into a common elevator cab, which will then go directly to that, or those, selected floors. The primary benefit as a result of this intelligence will be the ability to use fewer elevator cabs, i.e., lower energy costs and provide a faster service. 1.5 Lighting The traditional large office buildings in which light switches are \"hidden\" are probably a thing of the past. The current trend to individually controlled lights, with the ability for each individual user to select their preferred lighting levels, is potentially a significant power saver and the use of more modern lighting technologies also reduces the amount of heat generated by more efficient luminaires. These trends can be integrated with many additional benefits, some of which have been noted in the foregoing comments; e.g., when an individual arrives, the lights in that person's area may be illuminated. When the individual goes home, the lights will be extinguished. In an emergency, activation of all lights will enhance the ability for responders to attend to any situation without themselves having to activate any lights. Furthermore, the use of automated lighting controls allows an evaluation of the lighting utilization so that any re‐lamping procedures can be scheduled based on actual hours of usage, and not based on calendar activities. Such lighting systems also permit potential charge backs from the building owners to the tenants based on the actual electricity used. The system can monitor any lights which have failed and which can automatically be reported to those responsible for maintenance. Needless to say, the addition of such intelligence will also identify room occupancy and allow for the measurement of lighting levels and the automated compensation of lighting settings as a result of daylight shining in through windows or skylights (daylight harvesting). Automated blinds can also be used to adjust lighting levels to the desired value. It can be noted that electrical switch manufacturers have all brought very economical, motion activated light switches to the market, thereby allowing for some measure of intelligence in the simplest of applications. 1.6 Signage There have been evident changes applicable to signage technology. Signage can readily be shown on screens, and include any required graphics thereby ensuring that language and situational variations are readily addressed. Thus standard signage can carry routine messages including hours of operation or the length of line‐ups or delays. Such signs already appear in large buildings such as hospitals, universities and museums. The public is surrounded by these \"computerised\" signs in