ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 363 Operation, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning, and Security (OAM & P & security) framework: this provides the operation, administration, maintenance and provisioning, and security function for the ICT systems of SSC. Figure 9 – A multi‐tier SSC ICT architecture from communications view, emphasizing on a physical perspective Figure 9 shows also, six interfaces between layers and OAM & P & security framework, marked with numbers in circles. These are places where communications and exchange of information between the layers, and OAM & P & security framework take place. They are the focal point of standards specifications and thus are called communication interface point. Overall functions at each of these reference points are listed below: Communication interface point 1: this exists between the city physical infrastructure and sensing layer. It enables the terminals sense the physical world, i.e., exchange of information and control signals between terminal nodes in sensing layer and the physical infrastructure.