ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 241 2. FTTC / FTTK (fiber‐to‐the‐curb/kerb, ‐closet, or ‐cabinet): This is very similar to FTTN, but the street cabinet or pole is closer to the user's premises, typically within 1,000 feet (300 m), within range for high‐bandwidth copper technologies such as wired Ethernet or IEEE 1901 power line networking and wireless Wi‐Fi technology. FTTC is occasionally ambiguously called FTTP (fiber‐to‐the‐pole), leading to confusion with the distinct fiber‐to‐the‐premises system. 3. FTTP (fiber‐to‐the‐premises): This term is used either as a blanket term for both FTTH and FTTB, or where the fiber network includes both homes and small businesses. a. FTTB (fiber‐to‐the‐building, ‐business, or ‐basement): Fiber reaches the boundary of the building, such as the basement in a multi‐dwelling unit, with the final connection to the individual living space being made via alternative means, similar to the curb or pole technologies. b. FTTH (fiber‐to‐the‐home): Fiber reaches the boundary of the living space, such as a box on the outside wall of a home. Passive optical networks and point‐to‐point Ethernet are architectures that deliver triple‐play services over FTTH networks directly from an operator's central office. 4. FTTD (fiber‐to‐the‐desktop): Fiber connection is installed from the main computer room to a terminal or fiber media converter near the user's desk. 5. FTTE / FTTZ (fiber‐to‐the‐telecom‐enclosure or fiber‐to‐the‐zone) is a form of structured cabling typically used in enterprise local area networks, where fiber is used to link the main computer equipment room to an enclosure close to the desk or workstation. FTTE and FTTZ are not considered part of the FTTX group of technologies, despite the similarity in name. Figure 26 – FTTX Access Networks Increased competition from multiple system operators (MSOs), telcommunications, and Internet Protocol television (IPTV) service providers worldwide are driving the deployment of quadruple‐play services over next‐generation access networks. As a result, service providers are faced with many new business and service delivery challenges. New optical access networks delivering higher bandwidths for increased service offerings.