224 ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications Figure 5 – A multi‐tier SSC ICT architecture from communications view, (information flow perspective) Both these perspectives concern valid representations of the same architecture, one closer to the language of infrastructure developer the second more in line with the context required for information system developers. The architecture is consists of the following layers (illustrated in Figure 4.): Sensing layer: This layer consists of a terminal node and capillary network. Terminals (sensor, transducer, actuator, camera, RFID reader, barcode symbols, GPS tracker, etc.) are capable of sensing the physical world. They provide the superior “environment‐detecting” ability and intelligence for monitoring and controlling the physical infrastructure within the city. The capillary network (including SCADA, sensor network, HART, WPAN, video surveillance, RFID, GPS related network etc.) connects various terminals to the network layer, providing ubiquitous and omnipotent information and data. Network layer: The network layer indicates various networks provided by telecommunication operators, as well as other metro networks provided by city stakeholders and/or enterprise private communication network. It is the “infobahn”, the network layer data and support layer: The data and support layer makes the city “smarter”. Its main purpose is to ensure the support capabilities of various city‐level applications and services. Data and support layer contain data Cyber‐security users layer end‐users (demand side: i.e., inhabitants)end‐users (supply side: i.e., stakeholders' representatives)presentations layer applications layer (software applications offering SSC services)Transportation, E‐government, E‐business, Safety and Emergency, Smart health, Tourism, Education, Smart Building, Waste management, Smart Energy, Smart water business layer (business processes that simulate service logic)Communications Network layer Transport network (SDH, DWDM, IP, Microwave etc.)Access network (xDSL, FTTx, WiFi, 2G/3G/4G, PLC etc.)data layer Data repositories File repositories sensing layer Capillary Network (SCADA, sensor network, HART, WPAN, video surveillance, RFID, Barcode, GPS, etc.Terminal node (sensor, transducer, actuator, camera, RFID tag, barcode symbols etc.