ITU‐T's Technical Reports And Specifications 181 \"almost half of the world's wealth is now owned by just one per cent of the population.\"20 Since SSC strive for social sustainability is therefore important that the projects developed include all the levels of society. The range and nature of the multiple challenges that are faced by SSC evidence the need to gain a more in‐depth understanding of the stakeholders that play a role in the operation of SSC, that can help overcome obstacles and take advantage of opportunities towards the realization of smart and sustainable city goals. Having explored the different challenges that cities face, it is important to realize the multi‐stakeholder nature of SSC. Accordingly, the next section will propose a methodology to facilitate the identification of these stakeholders, as well as their inclusion into SSC strategies. 2 Methodology for SSC stakeholder identification and engagement In this report a stakeholder is defined as any entity, an institution or an individual, that has an interest in smart sustainable cities. A stakeholder may also be an entity/institution/individual that can significantly influence or be influenced by its deployment. 21 Stakeholder engagement may be viewed as a technique of enhancing the (i) relevance, (ii) responsiveness (iii) accountability (iv) transparency (v) inclusiveness (vi) legitimacy (vii) effectiveness (viii) efficiency (ix) equitability of the decision making process. Keeping in mind the aforementioned aspects, if the stakeholder identification and participation are carried out properly, good participation can itself make a significant contribution to the governance. This is based on the assumption that policymaking conducted in an interactive way would build on stakeholder knowledge and this process of policy making would be more contextual, reliable and easy to implement. 22 Based on this, the methodology for stakeholder analysis for SSC has been elaborated in this Technical Report. The methodology for stakeholder analysis that has been followed in this report is an adaptation of the principles proposed by the Logical Framework Approach (LFA).23 The methodological approach proposed is general in scope, and aims at obtaining a broad classification of the stakeholders involved in a city that wants to become smart and sustainable. This method can be adapted by a particular city to identify and analyse the stakeholders that play a role at the local level. The steps proposed are summarized in Figure 1 and further developed during this chapter. ____________________ 20 Working for the few. Oxfam 2014. http://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/bp‐working‐for‐few‐political‐capture‐economic‐inequality‐200114‐en.pdf 21 The definition is a modification from the definition that appears in http://www1.worldbank.org/publicsector/anticorrupt/PoliticalEconomy/stakeholderanalysis.htm 22 Strengthening UNEP’s Legitimacy: Towards Greater Stakeholder Engagement. United Nations Environment Programme 23 Introduction to the Logical Framework Approach (LFA) for GEF‐financed projects. German Foundation for International Development.