Trends in Telecommunication Reform 2010-11 104 ITU, Implementing e-Health in Developing Countries: Guidance and Principles (Draft), p. 11 (2008) at www.itu.int/ITU-D/cyb/app/docs/e-Health_prefinal_15092008.PDF. 105 See Rodrigue Rwirahira, Rwanda: Better Health Care By Using ICT in Medicine, All Africa (28 August 2009) at http://allafrica.com/stories/200908280497.html. 106 Moses Ndahiro, RDB Forging Ahead with E-Health Development, The New Times (20 September 2010) at www.newtimes.co.rw/index.php?issue=13963&article=17756. 107 Gautam Ivatury and Ignacio Mas, The Early Experience with Branchless Banking, Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP) (April 2008) at www.cgap.org/gm/document-1.9.2640/FN46.pdf. 108 Christopher P. Beshouri and Jon Gravråk, Capturing the Promise of Mobile Banking in Emerging Markets, McKinsey Quarterly (February 2010) at www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Capturing_the_promise_of_mobile_banking_in_emerging_markets_2539. 109 The unbanked are “customers, usually the very poor, who do not have a bank account or a transaction account at a formal fi-nancial institution.” See GSMA, Mobile Money Definitions (July 2010) at http://mmublog.org/uncategorized/mobile-money-terminology/. 110 Mobiles for Development: The Case for M-Banking , CGAP (November 2006) at www.cgap.org/publications/mobilephonebanking.pdf. 111 Timothy R. Lyman, Mark Pickens, and David Porteous, Regulating Transformational Branchless Banking: Mobile Phones and Other Technology to Increase Access to Finance, CGAP Focus Note No. 43 (January 2008) at www.cgap.org/gm/document-1.9.2583/FN43.pdf. 112 Claire Alexandre, Ignacio Mas and Dan Radcliffe, Regulating New Banking Models that can Bring Financial Services to All, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (August 2010) at www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.46229/Regulating%20New%20Banking%20Models82010.pdf. 113 Paul Leishman, A Closer look at 'ZAP' in East Africa. 114 Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP), Poor People Using Mobile Financial Services: Observations on Customer Usage and Impact from M-PESA, Report (August 2009) at www.cgap.org/gm/document-1.9.40599/FN57.pdf. 115 CGAP, Poor People Using Mobile Financial Services: Observations on Customer Usage and Impact from M-PESA, Brief (August 2009) at www.cgap.org/gm/document-1.9.36723/BR_Poor_People_Using_Mobile_Financial_Services.pdf. 116 Telenor, Telenor Pakistan’s easypaisa – The mobile banking solution, July 2010. Document on file with author. 117 See Resolution SBS N° 775-2008. 118 SBS and CAGP, Financial Inclusion and Consumer Protection in Peru: The Branchless Banking Business, Joint Assessment Report (February 2010) at www.cgap.org/gm/document- 1.9.41601/Financial%20Inclusion%20and%20Consumer%20Protection%20in%20Peru%20The%20Branchless%20Banking%20Bu siness.pdf. 119 SBS to Introduce New Regulation to Allow M-Banking Services, BN Americas (10 May 2010) at www.bnamericas.com/story.xsql?id_sector=2&id_noticia=517262&Tx_idioma=I&source=. 120 SBS to Issue New Regulations to Allow Mobile Banking, BN Americas (7 May 2010). 121 See World Bank, Competition Law Database at http://go.worldbank.org/40X7UQLL90. 122 Telecommunications Law of the Kingdom of Bahrain, Legislative Decree No. 48 of 2002 at www.tra.org.bh/en/pdf/TelecommunicationsLaw-secondedition-English.pdf. 123 Telecommunications Law of the Kingdom of Bahrain, Legislative Decree No. 48 of 2002 at www.tra.org.bh/en/pdf/TelecommunicationsLaw-secondedition-English.pdf. Chapter 3 119