Trends in Telecommunication Reform 2010-11 3.5.3 Sector-Specific Approaches to 2010.131 Other countries have begun cross-sector coor-dination Cooperation efforts in order to take a more holistic ap-proach to meeting environmental and ICT policy objectives. Unlike mandates regarding competition, telecom-munications and electronic communications laws do not typically outline jurisdictional issues related to oth-er sectors of the economy despite the influence of ICTs on these sectors. As addressed above, the confluence of ICTs with other sectors requires ICT regulators to be aware of the impact that their decisions have on other aspects of society, such as the environment, law en-forcement, In Singapore, for example, multiple agencies have begun to collaborate more frequently on new cross-sector initiatives. In November 2009, for example, the government of Singapore announced the launch of the pilot project “Intelligent Energy System” (IES) that tests a range of smart grid technologies.132 The IES project requires the cooperation of several agencies, including the ICT regulator and the various regulators in charge of energy, the environment, economic development, science and technology research, and housing and de-velopment. education, health and banking. As the influ-ence of ICTs continues to grow, there may also be a need for provisions outlining the cooperative arrange-ments between the ICT regulator and other govern-mental agencies. More recently, the Singapore Government established the Energy Efficiency Programme Office (E2PO), which is a multi-agency committee led by the National Environment Agency (NEA) and the Energy Market Authority (EMA).133 As shown in Figure 3.11, E2PO includes Singapore’s ICT regulator, the Infocomm Development Authority (IDA), as well as nine other agencies in various sectors. The goals of the E2PO in-clude 3.5.3.1 Cooperation between ICT regulators and environmental agencies Traditionally, there has been limited overlap be-tween the types of issues that the ICT regulatory au-thority and the environmental agency oversee, except regarding electromagnetic field (EMF) and radiofre-quency promoting the adoption of energy efficient tech-nologies field (RF) emissions from broadcasting and mo-bile and developing local knowledge expertise in communications towers or from handheld mobile energy management, as well as supporting research and development in green ICTs. devices. However, the growth of “green ICT” initiatives may require new levels of cooperation between the ICT and environmental regulators in order to accomplish ambitious cross-sector goals. Egypt, as previously dis-cussed Since cross-sector initiatives to promote green ICTs are relatively novel, it is unclear whether they represent a new type of policy implementation. There is great po-tential in Section 3.4.1.3, implemented its Green ICT Strategy jointly through a Memorandum of Under-standing to capture the high-level expertise from multiple (MoU) signed by both the Ministry of Com-munications agencies; however, these collaborative efforts may also result in new challenges, such as jurisdictional conflicts or funding issues. and Information Technology (MCIT) and the Ministry of Environmental Affairs (MEA) in February Figure 3.11: Ten Singapore agencies involved in the Energy Efficiency Programme Office, including ICT Regula-tor NEA EMA HDB For EMA For Power Generation NEA For BCA IDA EDB LTA A*Star For R & D For Buildings For Infocomm For Industry For Transport Households Households Source: IDA Singapore. 110 Chapter 3