40 IPv4 and IPv6Issues, World Telecommunications Policy Forum (May 2013) Available at: http://www.itu.int/en/wtpf-13/Documents/backgrounder-wtpf-13-ipv4-ipv6-en.pdf (Accessed on May 29, 2015).41 A detailed discussion on the Need for more IP addresses can be found at: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Conferences/GSR/Documents/GSR_ paper_ theNeedforMoreIP%20Addresses_ fin.pdf.42 Kenya: The Kenya information and Communications (Universal Access and Service) Regulations, 2010. Accessed at: http://www.ca.go.ke/images//downloads/sector_ regulations/(Universal%20Access%20and%20Services)%20Regulations,%202010.pdf on May 16, 2015.43 Nigeria: http://www.ijeit.com/vol%202/Issue%2012/IJEIT1412201306_ 22.pdf (Accessed on May 16, 2015). International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 2, Issue 12, June 2013 117 Sustaining Broadband Infrastructure Expansion through Universal Service Provision Fund (USPF) E. C. Arihilam, Okorie.Emeka, Nwakanma Mary N. at page 118.44 India: http://www.usof.gov.in/usof-cms/usof_ roadmap.htm (Accessed on April 4, 2015).45 EU, “DIRECTIVE 2009/136/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 25 November 2009 amending Directive 2002/22/EC on universal service and users’ rights relating to electronic communications networks and services, Directive 2002/58/EC concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector and Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 on cooperation between national authorities responsible for the enforcement of consumer protection laws,” 2009, http://eurlex.europa.eu/legal‐content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32009L0136&from=EN.46 Your Building Has Data. What Is It Telling You? Available at: http://insights.wired.com/profiles/blogs/your-building-has-data-what-is-it-telling-you#axzz3arCbnctM (Accessed on May 22, 2015).47 Nakazawa & Edwards, A Bridging Framework for Universal Interoperability in Pervasive Systems at page 1. Available at: http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~ keith/pubs/icdcs06-bridging.pdf (Accessed on May 22, 2015).48 World Economic Forum, Digital Ecosystem Convergence between IT, Telecoms, Media and Entertainment: Scenarios to 2015 http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_ DigitalEcosystem_ Scenario2015_ ExecutiveSummary_ 2010.pdf at page 5 (Accessed on May 22, 2015).49 Digital Agenda for Europe. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/our-goals/pillar-ii-interoperability-standards (Accessed on May 22, 2015).50 World Economic Forum, Digital Ecosystem Convergence between IT, Telecoms, Media and Entertainment: Scenarios to 2015 http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_ DigitalEcosystem_ Scenario2015_ ExecutiveSummary_ 2010.pdf at page 5 (Accessed on May 22, 2015).51 Ibid.52 See contestation in Kenya between MNOs : Airtel had petitioned the Competition Authority of Kenya () to compel Safaricom, Kenya’s biggest telco to open up its M-Pesa agency network. Available at: http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Corporate-News/Safaricom-wins-M-Pesa-charges-case/-/539550/2396726/-/v7sxibz/-/index.html (Accessed on May 22, 2015).53 Nakazawa & Edwards, A Bridging Framework for Universal Interoperability in Pervasive Systems at page 1. Available at: http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~ keith/pubs/icdcs06-bridging.pdf (Accessed on May 22, 2015).54 World Economic Forum, Digital Ecosystem Convergence between IT, Telecoms, Media and Entertainment: Scenarios to 2015 http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_ DigitalEcosystem_ Scenario2015_ ExecutiveSummary_ 2010.pdf at page 5 (Accessed on May 22, 2015).55 http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/business/Tanzania-telcos-in-Africa-first-interoperable-mobile-money-pact/-/2560/2337358/-/137voj6/-/index.html (Accessed on May 22, 2015).56 Available at: http://www.who.int/disabilities/world_ report/2011/en/ (Accessed on September 18, 2015).57 Available at: https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_ no=iv-15&chapter=4&lang=en (Accessed on September 18, 2015).148 Trends in Telecommunication Reform 2016