Agenda

While a practicing Advocate, Supreme Court of India, Dr. Pavan Duggal has made an immense impact with an international reputation as an Expert and Authority on Cyber Law, Cyber Security Law, Cybercrime Law, Artificial Intelligence Law & E-commerce law.

Google Bard lists Dr. Pavan Duggal as the topmost cyber lawyer in the world.

Dr.  Duggal has been acknowledged as one of the top 4 Cyber Lawyers around the world.

WDD [World Domain Day] recognizes him as one of the top 10 Cyber Lawyers around the world.

Dr. Pavan Duggal, is the Founder & Chairman of International Commission on Cyber Security Law. He is also the President of Cyberlaws.Net and has been working in the pioneering area of Cyber Law, Cyber Security Law & Mobile Law.

Pavan is also heading the Artificial Intelligence Law Hub and Blockchain Law Epicentre.  He is the Founder-cum-Honorary Chancellor of Cyberlaw University.                  

Dr. Pavan Duggal is the Chief Evangelist of Metaverse Law Nucleus, Conference Director of International Conference On Metaverse And Law – Opportunities & Challenges and is also the Conference Director of the International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity, being world's only authoritative Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity.    In addition, Dr. Duggal has also conducted various Round Tables on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity over the last couple of years. He has also organized various Thematic Workshops at the previously held ITUWSIS Forums.   

His empanelment as a consultant to UNCTAD and UNESCAP on Cyber Law and Cyber Crime respectively, membership of the AFACT Legal Working Group of the UN / CEFAT, consulting as an expert with the Council Of Europe on Cyber Crime, inclusion in the Board of Experts of European Commission’s Dr. E-commerce and his work as an expert authority on a Cyber Law primer for E-ASEAN Task Force and as a reviewer for Asian Development Bank speaks volumes of his worldwide acceptance as an authority. 

Pavan works in the area of Cyberlaw, and is internationally reputed as an expert and authority on Cyberlaw and E-Commerce law. He has also the credit of having done pioneering work in the field of mobile law, convergence law and dark net law. He is the president of Cyberlaw Asia, Asia's pioneering organization committed to the passing of dynamic cyberlaws in the Asian continent.

Dr Duggal is also a member of the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center Panel of Neutrals. He is also a member of NOMNOM Committee on Multilingual Internet Names Consortium (MINC).

Dr. Pavan Duggal, in association with International Telecommunications Union, conducted two Training cum Sensitization Programmes for the elected Judges and Officers of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) at The Hague, Netherlands on 23rd May, 2019.

As an internationally renowned Cyber law and Cyber security subject expert, at the world stage during the High-Level Policy Statement delivered by him at the World Summit on Information Society (WSIS) organized by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), UNESCO, UNCTAD& UNDP in Geneva, Switzerland from 25th May – 29th May, 2015. Pavan Duggal has recommended the need for coming up with an International Convention on Cyberlaw &Cyber Security.

He has been associated with UNESCO on various legal and policy issues concerning cyberspace. As a thought leader, Dr. Duggal has suggested that India requires a new legislation that is wholly dedicated to cyber security.

Pavan, as an international expert and authority, conducts 44 different online courses at Cyberlaw University, which have been subscribed by more than 28,500 students from 174 countries, speaking 53 national languages with excellent ratings.

Pavan is a member of the Board of Globethics.net, global network of persons and institutions interested in various fields of applied ethics.

Dr Duggal has been the Member of the Public Interest Registry’s.Org Advisory Council. He is a member of ICT policy and governance working group of the UNICT taskforce. He is the legal and policy Consultant to Internet Mark 2 Project, which is examining the next level of internet. He has been invited to be an Associated Fellow of the Centre for Asia Pacific Technology Law and Policy (CAPTEL) at Singapore. He is a Member of Panel of Arbitrators of the Regional Centre for Arbitration, Kuala Lumpur and Asian Domain Names Dispute Resolution Centre at Hong Kong. He is a Panel Member Of Permanent Monitoring Panel For Information Security-World Federation Of Scientists.

He has been associated with the Ministry Of Communication and Information Technology, Government of India on Cyber Law and Electronic Governance legal issues and is a member of Advisory Committee on e-governance in Karnataka constituted by the Government of Karnataka. As also a member of Information Forensic Working Group on E-Information Systems, Security and Audit Association.

Dr. Duggal is a member of Multi – Stakeholder Steering Group of the Asia Pacific Region Internet Governance Forum (APRIGF).

He is the Founder of Cyberlaw Clinic and Clinic Mentor of Semcom Cyberlaw Clinic.

He heads his niche law firm Pavan Duggal Associates, which has practice areas, amongst others, in Cyber Law, Business Process Outsourcing Law, Intellectual Property Rights and Information Technology Law, Information Security Law, Defence, Biotech and Corporate Law.

While he has been a member of the Nominating Committee, Membership Advisory Committee and Membership Implementation Task Force of ICANN, Pavan is  the founder of the Cyber Law Association and is also the Founder-President, Cyberlaw India.

Pavan is the Chair of CII Summit on Cyber Security of CII, Delhi. Pavan is the Co-Chairman of the Cyber Security Committee  of ASSOCHAM, was the Chairman of the Cyber Law Committee of ASSOCHAM and works closely with CII and FICCI.

Some outstanding pioneering work in the field of BPO legal issues has resulted in his being a member of the BPO Steering Committee of ASSOCHAM. Today, he advises a number of BPO concerns on different legal issues relating to outsourcing. 

Dr. Pavan Duggal has been bestowed with the honour as the Practice Professor on Cyberlaw and Cyber Security by Manav Rachna International University.

Dr. Pavan Duggal was awarded with Professor of Eminence in Cyber Security Law by Lex Consilium Foundation and Akhil Bhartiya Vidhi Pradhyapak Sangam under the project Nurturing Smart Teachers.

v  Achievements

He has been a member of number of committees namely:

o   Member of the Permanent Monitoring Panel on "The Future of Cyber Security" of the World Federation of Scientists, an organization active in the framework of ICSC – International Centre for Scientific Culture - World Laboratory

o   Permanent Monitoring Panel (PMP) on Information Security, established by World Federation of Scientists

o   The ICANN Nominating Committee representing the Asia Pacific region, 2003 and 2004

o   Membership Advisory Committee of The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)

o   Advisory Council of the Institute of Cyber Security and Law of University of Delhi 

v  Contributions to Cyber Security Legal Jurisprudence

Duggal has been contributing to pushing the envelope of Cyberlaw jurisprudence, specifically in the context of cyber security. He has highlighted the need for further beefing up Indian cyber security legal response. He has argued “Till now, India has only adopted a lip service approach to cyber-security.” 

He has stated that “we need to realise that we are behind the curve on handling cyber security. In the current scenario, the cyber security breaches are not being given enough attention by the law enforcement agencies. This needs to change. We can’t have national security unless we pay adequate attention to cyber security.” 

While talking about lack of national geospatial policy or guidelines in India, which prevents multidimensional understanding of cyber security from geospatial prism, Dr. Pavan Duggal has pointed out that “India lacks a dedicated law on cybersecurity. Moreover, even globally there’s no binding international law on it”, said Dr. Pavan Duggal, Chairman, International Commission on Cyber Security Law. 

He has been underlining the need for India to have dedicated legislation on cyber security.[16] He has highlighted that “India requires a new legislation that is wholly dedicated to cyber security. It is not sufficient to merely put cyber security as a part of the IT Act.”  In this regard, he has highlighted that “we will have to have a collaborative model on cyber-security. We need to create more awareness on cyber-security.”  He has further argued that “we must start to inculcate cybersecurity as a way of life.”

He has cautioned against blind-folded relying upon the digital platforms in the context of cyber security. He has cautioned that “what was secure yesterday is not secure today and what is secure today will not be secure tomorrow. Blindfoldly relying upon these platforms would not suffice. There is a need for people to incorporate cyber security as away of life.” 

Pavan Duggal has recommended the need for coming up with an International Convention on Cyber Laws and Cyber Security.

Dr. Pavan Duggal has highlighted the significance of Government of India’s new directives on cyber security in terms of reporting of cyber security breaches. He has highlighted the game changing impact of the new directions issued by the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) on mandatory cyber security reporting.

Pavan Duggal, an advocate and cyber law expert, said this is the first time the government issued directives on cyber law “of this magnitude and nature." He further added, “India presently does not have a dedicated cyber security law, and the IT Act, 2000, only dealt with some aspects of it. The new rules bring every company in India under scrutiny and require logs of ICT servers to be maintained for a rolling period of 180 days for transparency and accountability."

“By a single stroke of secondary legislation, the government has offered umbrella cyber security directions for all companies. These directions could be game-changing in their perspective and amplitude and could be a turning point in providing a robust legal framework for promoting cyber security," Duggal added.

Regarding Indian cyber security legal approach, Dr. Pavan Duggal has highlighted that "there is still no clarity on the standard operating procedures both in the public and private sector. Till now various stakeholders were dealing in silos and cybersecurity was a divided turf”.  He said that a dedicated cyber law is also a must for this holistic approach.

He has further highlighted in the Indian context that the Indian technology legislation is inadequate. It’s not that India doesn’t have any law to deal with cyber security. The Information Technology Act, 2000 has certain provisions for it. However, cyber law expert Pawan Duggal says the law is completely inadequate. “The IT Act is mainly aimed at e-commerce and e-governance. India doesn’t have a dedicated cyber security law.” 

Pavan has commented on India’s latest foray in cyber security regulations by means of the Directions under sub-section (6) of section 70B of the Information Technology Act, 2000 relating to information security practices, procedure, prevention, response and reporting of cyber incidents for Safe & Trusted Internet bearing No. 20(3)/2022-CERT-In dated 28th April, 2022 issued by the Government of India, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT- In). Pavan Duggal, an advocate and cyber law expert, said this is the first time the government issued directives on cyber law “of this magnitude and nature." He further added, “India presently does not have a dedicated cyber security law, and the IT Act, 2000, only dealt with some aspects of it. The new rules bring every company in India under scrutiny and require logs of ICT servers to be maintained for a rolling period of 180 days for transparency and accountability."“By a single stroke of secondary legislation, the government has offered umbrella cyber security directions for all companies. These directions could be game-changing in their perspective and amplitude and could be a turning point in providing a robust legal framework for promoting cyber security," Duggal added. 

Dr. Pavan Duggal has maintained that the internet cannot be a wild-wild-west and therefore social media firms have to be made accountable and responsible for what goes on their platforms given the blatant contraventions and violations that takes place on social media platforms. Cyber law expert Pawan Duggal, while maintaining that the social media companies must be made more accountable, also points out that the process should be gradual rather than sudden. “India must come up with more cogent and effective mechanisms to make social media firms more responsible. There is a global trend which says blanket exemption from liability should not be given. But making these firms more accountable is a slow process, it’s not going to happen overnight,” he said. 

v  Work In Artificial Intelligence Legal Jurisprudence

Dr. Pavan Duggal has been contributing to the evolving legal jurisprudence on Artificial Intelligence, through his books on Artificial Intelligence and also through his course on Artificial Intelligence legalities.

He has authored the leading treatise being "ChatGPT and Legalities” and “GPT4 and Law” which have elaborated the growing legal and policy issues concerning  generative Artificial Intelligence in particular and Artificial Intelligence in general.

He has contributed to academic discussions and debate evolving Artificial Intelligence jurisprudence. He has broadly highlighted the importance of Artificial Intelligence in the context of judicial systems. Pavan Duggal, Founder, Pavan Duggal Associates & Head, Artificial Intelligence Law Hub expressed hope about the quantum jump the judiciary system will be taking in the next ten years. “With Artificial Intelligence (AI), block chain and Internet of Things (IoT) changing the world around, the judiciary is bound to evolve dramatically by 2030. And so will be the demand of service from lawyers. With all the information and technological support at hand, the client will already have the data analysis and insights. They would require lawyers to guide them through it and provide necessary support. Hence the future lawyers need to be super lawyers who will be analyst, broadcaster and lawyer, all rolled into one.” He remarked. 

v  Role in Evolving Metaverse Law

Duggal has been working on the legal issues of Metaverse. He is the Chief Evangelist of Metaverse Law Nucleus.

He has highlighted various legal challenges thrown up by Metaverse including issues pertaining to its legalities, growing phenomenon of Metaverse and the need for regulating breaches of cyber security in Metaverse. He has further opined that Metaverse today brings across new distinctive legal challenges. Metaverse law as a subdiscipline of cyber law is going to be evolving very rapidly in the next few years, said cyber law expert and senior Supreme Court Advocate Pavan Duggal. To a large extent, Metaverse laws will be based on the foundations of cyber laws. He further opined that regulating cyber security would require dedicated legal frameworks. But more significantly, we will quickly start realizing new manifestations and new orientations of the legal jurisprudence coming forward, Duggal explained.

Duggal also highlighted the issues pertaining to increased data usage on Metaverse. He stated that youngsters need to realise that behind the sexy glee of Metaverse lies the hunger of Metaverse stakeholders for your data, and therefore there is going to be huge impact on your privacy, he says.

Pavan Duggal addressed, on Metaverse legalities, the First International Conference On Metaverse And Law – Opportunities & Challenges, organized on 24 March 2022 by Metaverse Law Nucleus & Pavan Duggal Associates, Advocates and also the Second International Conference On Metaverse And Law – Opportunities & Challenges, organized on 4th May, 2023 by Metaverse Law Nucleus & Pavan Duggal Associates, Advocates.

The book entitled “The Metaverse Law” authored by Duggal has been featured in the category of 9 Best Metaverse eBooks of All Time, by Book Authority, being the world's leading site for book recommendations by thought leaders.

v  Enabling Regulation of Crypto Ecosystem

Duggal has been advocating a minimal enabling regulatory framework for crypto ecosystem. He has highlighted that India needs to specifically focus on the legal and policy frameworks pertaining to crypto- assets and cryptocurrencies. He believes that banning crypto-assets and cryptocurrencies is not a legal and pragmatic option. This is because crypto-assets and cryptocurrencies are global paradigms and by banning them in India they cannot be wished away. He has argued that some foundations from Indian cyberlaw could be made as foundational building blocks for the further subsequent minimal enabling regulation of Blockchain.

Pavan has opined that if Indians have invested over Rs 6 lakh crore in the crypto ecosystem and there is absence of legal clarity, it is very much possible that a large number of people could lose huge chunks of money. The quicker India as a nation wakes up from its deep slumber and starts addressing the crypto ecosystem, the better it will be. He has pointed out that RBI and government will need to come up with the appropriate mechanisms to disseminate more information about the national digital currency and make it safe from potential cyber-attacks and from potential cybercriminal activities.

Pavan has pointed out numerous legal policy and regulatory issues concerning Bitcoins including their legalities and the difficulties in enforcing them in the legal jurisdiction, apart from challenges pertaining to the choices of jurisdictions in the event of dispute pertaining to payments made by Bitcoins.

v  Pavan’s vision of New Cyber World Order

As a visionary thinker and eminent cyber jurist, Pavan has argued in his book “New Cyber World Order Post Covid-19”, that the world is inching towards new cyberspace by the time it is victorious in its fight against the current and other subsequent waves of coronavirus infections. This New Cyber World Order will be an ecosystem where nation states will become more powerful and where there will be an increasing interference in the enjoyment of digital liberties and rights of the citizens.

Dr. Pavan Duggal has highlighted the significance of New Cyber World Order after the Covid-19 pandemic.

v  Address to United Nations for Incorporating Elements in the proposed Comprehensive International Convention

Duggal spoke at the (18th meeting) First session of United Nations Ad Hoc Committee to Elaborate a Comprehensive International Convention on Countering the Use of Information and Communications Technologies for Criminal Purposes, on the elements and inputs that need to be incorporated in the proposed International Convention to prevent the misuse of Information & Communication Technologies for criminal purposes. During his address, Pavan talked about the need for highlighting the issues pertaining to cyber security since cyber security, Cyberlaw and cybercrime are three connected sisters. He underlined the need for preventing misuse of Information & Communication Technologies networks for criminal purposes in the data economy as becoming the top most priority for governments. He emphasized the need for addressing darknet related issues as also issues pertaining to misuse of emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain and Internet of Things. He further argued the need for the proposed Convention to address misuse of emerging technologies like Quantum Computing and Metaverse. (from 01:11:10 to 01:21:10)

v  First Intersessional Consultation of the Ad Hoc Committee

Duggal was invited to be a Speaker-cum-Panelist at the First Intersessional Consultation of the Ad Hoc Committee, held from 24–25 March 2022 at Vienna. The Ad Hoc Committee has been established establish to elaborate a Comprehensive International Convention on Countering the Use of Information and Communications Technologies for Criminal Purposes.

During his address for more than 30 minutes, Pavan elaborated on the broad structural parameters and architecture of the proposed international Convention to regulate the misuse of Information and Communications Technologies for criminal purposes. Pavan also highlighted essential elements and key thrust areas that need to be made integral component of the proposed Convention.

v  Association with the United Nations and its Organizations

International Court of Justice (ICJ)

In association with International Telecommunications Union, uggal has conducted two Training cum Sensitization Programmes for the elected Judges and Officers of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) at The Hague, Netherlands in May, 2019.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)’s Education for Justice (E4J) initiative

Duggal was part of the International Expert Panel which reviewed different Cybercrime Modules for United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)’s Education for Justice (E4J) initiative.[46]

UNESCO Quebec Conference

Pavan Duggal was invited to address UNESCO Conference on Cyber Radicalization held on 30th October – 1st November, 2016 at Quebec, Canada.Pavan Duggal spoke about the need for international legal frameworks to deal with cyber radicalization. He highlighted the need for adopting strong counter narratives, and for coming up with robust national legislative approaches to deal with cyber radicalization in effective manner.

v  Signatory of Oxford statements

Duggal has been associated with The Oxford Process on International Law Protections in Cyberspace. He is the signatory of various statements which are issued by the Oxford Institute of Ethics, Law & Armed Conflicts. Duggal is a signatory to the Oxford Statement on the International Law Protections Against Cyber Operations Targeting the Health Care Sector, the Oxford Statement on International Law Protections Against Foreign Electoral Interference Through Digital Means, and the Oxford Statement on International Law Protections in Cyberspace: The Regulation of Information Operations and Activities.

He is also a Signatory to Oxford Statement on International Law Protections in Cyberspace: The Regulation of Ransomware Operations.

v  Contribution to Round Table on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity

The Round Table on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime& Cybersecurity aims to examine the current developments in the area of Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity as well as connected legal and policy issues during the Coronavirus times.

Dr. Pavan Duggal elaborated and introduced broad trends evolving around Cyberlaw, Cybercrime and Cybersecurity at the RoundTable on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity, being Thematic Workshop No. 315 organized by Cyberlaws.Net and Pavan Duggal Associates, Advocates under the aegis of International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity, at ITU WSIS Forum 2022.Dr. Pavan Duggal had moderated the said Thematic Workshop. At the said Round Table on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity, Pavan highlighted the broad developments at the international level of Cyberlaw, Cybercrime and Cybersecurity. He further pointed out about the increasing relevance of cyber security.

Pavan Duggal further stated that however, in this data economy, there are increasing numbers of cyber- attacks globally: from data leaks to ransomware attacks on everything from social media to power systems to airlines. In fact, Dr Duggal noted, every 11 seconds a company falls victim to a ransomware attack. We’re in the golden age of cybercrimes, he continued, and the impact is tangible. 6 trillion US Dollars have been lost to cybercrime already, and another 8 trillion dollars are expected to be lost due to these attacks.

With the current lack of international legislation, it is extremely hard to prosecute cyber-criminals. While electronic evidence has become a crucial tool for governments, law enforcement and the judiciary in investigating cybercrime, the growth of the Darknet makes it even easier to access identity-hiding technology.

v  Contribution To Cyber Capacity Building On Cyber Frauds Legalities

Dr. Pavan Duggal has been working in enhancing capacity building on the legalities concerning cyber fraud. Dr Pavan Duggal, Advocate, Supreme Court of India, and a pioneer name in the country's cyber security law campaigns, told journalists at the Zee Media group that everyone has the right to have unlawful access to their data deleted from the digital domain. He was referring to old films and images that have surfaced on the internet after years in a targeted attempt to ruin one's image…. Duggal stated that if a person is a victim of online abuse or fraud, they should not remain silent because speaking up might be advantageous in the long run. 

v  Highlighting the Need for Cyber Capacity Building

Duggal has repeatedly highlighted the need for enhancing capacity building. He has stated that “We are sitting ducks for the cybercriminals and it is time for us to strengthen our defences and enhance our awareness. We have already created an online platform offering various courses on cyberlaw, cybercrime and cybersecurity. Speaking about the numbers more than 27,000 students have done the courses from over  52 countries speaking 15 different languages over 3 years. These figures are telling us that there is a need for awareness training,” says Duggal.

He has highlighted the need for corporate stakeholders to contribute in cyber skills.“Companies have to do far more capacity building among their employees while working from home in these transient times,” says Duggal.

v  Views on Golden Age of Cybercrime

Duggal has further highlighted the massive increase of cybercrime. As per Dr. Duggal,“with the pandemic’s onset, we also see the advent golden age of cybercrime and this golden age is going to last for a few decades. Its beginning has been characterised by the three top-most cybercrimes across the world. They are phishing, identity theft and online financial fraud. It has become so common because it is easy to phish people. During the Covid-19 it was even easier as primarily there was a fear and panic among people. So many people were fearful or panicking and ended up clicking the wrong link, believing the wrong voices and becoming victims of the attacks. Phishing has emerged as one of the top-most cybercrimes in the world and since there is an increase in the capacity building of such criminals we will witness more and more phishing in future.” 

As per Media India Group, Pavan Duggal, an advocate of the Supreme Court of India specialising in cyberlaw has had long experience of dealing with people who have been victims of cybercrime. As per Pavan Duggal, “With the coming of Covid-19, it’s cybercrime everywhere with nowhere to run. The golden age of cybercrime has raised the global cost of cybercrimes including these cyberattacks. Users have to now wake up to the new cyber age. Users have to now be careful and should not be part of the vomiting group, i.e., they are vomiting all kinds of sensitive data whether it be personal, professional or social information unnecessarily. They only need to share the information on a need-to-know basis and be duly diligent. They must learn to inculcate elements of distrust and mistrust. Only by conscious effort, due diligence and caution you can prevent yourself from becoming a victim.

v  Views on Right To Be Forgotten

Dr. Pavan Duggal has underlined the need for everyone today to have Right To Be Forgotten digitally. In a conversation with journalists at the Zee Media group, Dr Pavan Duggal, Advocate, Supreme Court of India, and a pioneer name in country’s cyber security law campaigns, said that everybody has the right to get unauthorised access to their data removed from the digital space. He was speaking in the context of old videos and photos surfacing on the internet after years in a targeted bid to tarnish image.

Dr. Duggal has also highlighted the need for India to have dedicated legal approach. “In India, we do not have a concept of the right to be Forgotten. It’s a very Western concept," said Pavan Duggal, a cyberlaw expert and Supreme Court advocate.

According to Dr Duggal, “I believe under the Indian Constitution, we have the fundamental right to life under Article 21. I believe that fundamental right needs to be interpreted in very broad terms not only to have include therein access to the internet but also the Right To Be Forgotten on the internet.” 

He has stated that “Still, intermediaries like search engines and Internet services providers, under the country’s IT Act and IT Rules, have the obligation to exercise due diligence if an aggrieved party sends them a written notice."

v  Views on Pegasus Controversy

In the context of Pegasus controversy, Duggal has warned digital stakeholders that this episode needs to be a wakeup call for all digital ecosystem stakeholders to come out from their deep slumber and to come up with more updated and appropriate strategies to deal with the constant challenges thrown up by the surveillance technologies and increasing cyber security breaches.

In this context, he also warned digital stakeholders not to depend upon the state to protect privacy. He further indicated that most of the time, we ourselves become the weakest link in the cyber security chain by disclosing things. Already India is seeing the great Indian vomiting revolution, where Indians are vomiting all kinds of personal, professional, social information about their day-to-day lives on to the internet.

In the context of Pegasus, it is the time to rethink Indian Cyberlaw.

v  Views On Amending Indian Cyberlaw For Topicality

Dr. Pavan Duggal has further highlighted that India must revisit the Information Technology Act, 2000 to have dedicated cybercrime courts in the country.

Cyber law expert Pavan Duggal recommended that India needs dedicated legal provisions for protecting women in cyberspace, and data related to women needs to be specifically protected. “I proposed amendments to the IT Act, suggested special protection of women data in the Personal Data Protection Bill and bringing in a new cyber security law,” Duggal said. “The current provisions of the IT Act are not adequate.

v  Views on Safeguarding Indian Digital Ecosystem

Pavan has been underlining the need for India to take effective action to safeguard the Indian digital ecosystem. He has pointed out that India has an immense policy vacuum as it doesn’t have a dedicated law on cyber security, for data protection nor a dedicated law for privacy. So in the absence of punitive legislation, India becomes a very fertile ground for hackers. Commenting on The Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2021, he has opined that “Cyber attacks and security breaches in India have increased massively, and these are often not recorded. If the government wants to join Aadhaar with voter ID, they are doing it without any reference to the cyber security methodologies, process, and procedure in the process of making this linking exercise more secure.” 

v  Opinions on Indian Aadhaar Law

In the context of the passing of the law concerning India's national biometric identity being Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016. Pavan Duggal has opined that there is a need to expand Aadhaar only after 'national security' is defined. He has stated that the term "national security" has not been defined, thus making the aforesaid provision open to a wide interpretation. In the absence of a definition, any and every circumstance could be brought under the purview of national security. The law needs to put in place crystal-clear parameters as to what constitutes national security, when it talks of sharing of personally data with third parties.

In the Context of India's Aadhaar Law and Cyber Security, Pavan Duggal has opined that issues pertaining to cyber security of Aadhaar ecosystem need to be very well examined and analyzed. He has opined that the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016 not only symbolizes the biometric identity of individuals, but it also symbolizes biometric and demographic face of the biggest democracy in the world.

He has argued that with the Government of India making Aadhaar mandatory, there is a need for revisiting and amending the Aadhaar law so as to address the cyber security and other concerns of the Aadhaar ecosystem. He has further highlighted that currently, privacy protection in Aadhaar is not strong in India.

v  Role as Amicus Curiae

Pavan Duggal was appointed as Amicus Curiae in the landmark case of X vs. Union of India, W.P. (Crl) No. 1082/2020 by Delhi High Court.

For examining the statutory landscape, the technological limitations and the reality, the Court appointed Dr Pavan Duggal, Advocate, specialising in cyber law and cyber crime, as Amicus Curiae, as also to assist the Court in addressing issues involved in the said petition.

The judgment also contains the submissions of Mr Pavan Duggal the noted Cyber Law expert where a good summary of the applicable law is available. Given the international experience of Mr Pavan Duggal who was the Amicus Curiae in the hearing, the judgement will be a very useful reference document for all students of Cyber Law.

The said judgment has been lauded from the perspective of Cyberlaw jurisprudence. In the said matter, Pavan Duggal assisted the Court in such an admirable manner that the Court was pleased to note in para 96 of the judgment dated 20/4/2021 that “this court records its deep appreciation for the invaluable assistance rendered in the matter by the learned Amicus Curiae Dr. Pavan Duggal.”

v  Others

He has commented that the Government's move to amend the Indian Information Technology Act, 2000 is not enough. He has opined that by making the Superintendent of Police or an officer above to register cases under Section 66A of the Information Technology Act 2000 is like fixing a leaking roof with bandaid. 

Pavan has described the judgment of Justice K S Puttaswamy (Retd.), And Anr. v/s Union of India pertaining to right to privacy as the historic judgment and having tremendous impact. He has pointed out that the said judgment is only applicable to the state and all instrumentality of the state as fundamental rights are only enforceable applicable against state action under the Indian Constitution.

v  Books and Recognition

Dr. Duggal is a regular on the lecture circuit. He has spoken at over 3000 Conferences, Seminars and Workshops in the last two decades, and has lectured extensively in select Law Colleges. As a Writer, he has made his mark with 194 Books on various aspects of the law in the last 20 years. Dr. Pavan Duggal’s books have been conferred various awards by Book Authority in various categories over a couple of years.   

He has written several books/eBooks on various diverse and complex aspects concerning the legalities of policy related issues impacting cyberspace, Internet and the World Wide Web. He has authored India's first mobile law treatise, which focuses on litigation and jurisprudence vis-à-vis mobile communication devices.

The vast and diverse range of Pavan Duggal’s books include Books on Cyber Law, Cybercrime Law, Cyber Security Law, Artificial Intelligence Law, Blockchain Law, Internet of Things Law, Other Emerging Technologies and Legalities and on Coronavirus & Cyber Legal Issues.

The World Summit on the Information Society gives details of numerous books authored by Dr. Pavan Duggal on the website of the International Telecommunications Union.

Dr. Pavan Duggal’s books have been conferred various awards by Book Authority in various categories over a couple of years.  Pavan Duggal’s numerous books have been recognized by BookAuthority, the world’s leading site of books recommendations by thought leaders.

Numerous Book Authority’s Awards have been conferred To Duggal’s Books.

19 of various Cyberlaw Books authored by Pavan Duggal have been featured by BookAuthority in “37 Best Cyberlaw Books of All Time”.

12 Best New Cyberlaw Books To Read In 2022 feature 10 of Pavan Duggal’s books.

BookAuthority, the world’s leading site of books recommendations by thought leaders, has listed numerous books written by Dr. Pavan Duggal in 40 Best Cyberlaw Books of All Time. 11 Best New Cyberlaw Books To Read In 2022. 27 Best-Selling Cyberlaw eBooks of All Time and 11 Best New Cyberlaw eBooks To Read In 2022.

In addition, he has been conferred with various awards including “Ordre du Merite de Budapest”, Council of Europe Economic Crime Division, November 2011, Strasbourg and Bharat Nirman Award, 2023.  He had contributed a continuing weekly column on diverse aspects of the law, titled ‘Brief Cases’ to the Economic Times, for almost a decade.

More about Dr. Pavan Duggal is available at https://www.pavanduggal.com/ and https://www.linkedin.com/in/pavanduggal.

Alfredo M. Ronchi, is the General Secretary of the EC MEDICI Framework (1995,-), member of the representative of OCCAM NGO at UN Headquarters in Geneva, active member of WSIS and UNESCO IFAP since 2003.Founder and Chair of the JRC S2D2 (Safety, Security, Defense, Disaster Recovery and Management).Mr Ronchi is member of the following Boards of Directors: Global Forum, World Summit Award,European Youth Award,European Education New Society Association (ENSA).Member of the Scientific Committee c/o Infopoverty, Fondazione Italiana Nuove Comunicazioni, Global Forum, Sacred World Foundation, member of the Keio University Network of Excellence.

Consultant: IBM (Lugano CH) 1982-83, Team Informaticas.a. (Lugano CH) 1981-83, Thorn/Sylvania/GE Lighting, 1989-94, GE Medical Systems, 1990-93, BolognaFiere 1994-1995, Austrian Ministry of Culture 1999, MinisteriumfürWissenschaft, Weiterbildung, Forschung und Kultur des LandesRheinland-Pfalz, Norwegian Ministry of culture – Riksantikvaren, Municipality of Christiansand, Italian Association of Banks (ABI).

Member of: the WSA Grand Jury, President of the eContentAward;Programme Chair of the Cultural Track of the IX International World Wide Web Conference, May 2000 Amsterdam (NL), Chair of panels “On culture in a world-wide information society” WWW Conferences 2001-2004, Co-Chair of Infopoverty Conferences 2001-08.

He is coordinator / manager of several different international projects. He had active roles in events promoted by The World Bank, Council of Europe, European Commission, UNESCO IFAP, IEEE.

Author of books, papers and articles to profljours: eCulture, eGovernment, eHealth, eLearning.

A.M. Ronchi is a professor at Politecnico di Milano (Engineering Faculty).

Prof. Dr Christoph Stückelberger, Globethics.net Founder and President, is also the professor of Ethics at the University of Basel, Switzerland and has a Ph.D. in theological ethics (peace ethics) and habilitation in environmental ethics. He was the founder (1995) and first president of Transparency International Switzerland and for 15 years he was the director of the development organization “Bread for all.” He has published hundreds of articles and dozens of books on ethics, among others on corruption such as “Corruption-free Churches are possible” (2010).

Dr Sarah Jane Fox specialises in law and enforcement, having begun her career in regulatory compliancy and policing.

Summary:

My research reasons in conflicts and paradoxes – for example, between ‘human rights and safety/security,’ and ‘opportunities and challenges.’ Much of my current research focuses on movement/transport and, also technology (challenges and opportunities) and evolution/revolution (including societal acceptance).

Visiting Professor in Chicago, USA.

Expert areas (research and consultancy) - as listed below:

Transport law and policy

Roads Policing (extensive: including – safer/secure roads, driver training, offences, intelligent solutions, etc.)

Movements across borders/boundaries

Autonomous vehicles – including UAV’s

Aviation Law and Policies (including UAV’s)

Safety, security and (counter) terrorism

EU Law

Criminal Law

Policing (technology, digital policing, social acceptance, contemporary challenges and development of the profession and professional standards)

Current projects / research - focuses on technology (challenges and opportunities) and society; including transport modes and autonomous systems – such as drones (UAV’s); aviation; space use; cyber perpetration and penetration and evolution/revolution (societal acceptance).

This encompasses:

Policing in a new technological age; safety and security; and terrorism risk factors; cross border movement (monitoring and enforcement); and the lack of governance and coordination to adequately prevent, protect, pursue and respond in today’s modern (cyber) world.

The research also reasons in conflicts and paradoxes – for example, between ‘human rights and security,’ and ‘opportunities and challenges’, where, on the one hand, there remains, (including through the cyberspace) the opportunity to collaborate and coordinate with relative ease, yet, on the other hand, there remains limitation set by man-made boundaries.

Profile: https://www.staffs.ac.uk/people/sarah-jane-fox

Experience

–presentSenior Lecturer, Staffordshire University

Education

2009 Northumbria University, PhD - Law

  Prof. Goyal, Senior Telecom Professional is Post Graduate in Science with experience of about 43 years in Telecom/IT.

  He is President, CMAI Association of India (CMAI), which is India largest ICT association of India with 48,500 members and 54 MOU partners worldwide. Prof. Goyal is the only person in the world having joined five consecutive years the Ribbon Cutting and inauguration of world’s largest Consumer Electronic show called CES, Las Vegas.

  CMAI is also known as organizers of ICT World Communication Awards, National Education Summit and Awards, Global ICT Forum, training and formation of Cyber Security-Ethical Hacking and safe web development. CMAI has so far trained more than 10,000 delegates in Cyber security and CMAI interacts with more than 1,00,000 Educational Institutes.

  Chairman Emeritus of Telecom Equipments Manufacturers Association of India (TEMA); Vice Chairman, ITU APT India; Chairman CTIA, India; Ambassador for India and South Asia, Commonwealth Telecom Organization, UK; President Cyber Security Association of India( CSAI); President Association of Educational Institutes and Universities( AEIU); and is actively involved in policy formulations and development of industrial policies specially related to telecom, mobile, cyber security, ICT, education and skills development sector. He is member of about hundred committees/groups formed by Government in this behalf. He is also Member Governing Council, Government of India, Telecom Equipment & Services Export Promotion Council, to promote exports under Ministry of Commerce and Industries and Chairman of India Trade Promotion Services, Dubai.

  He is Professor and Adviser with Gujarat Technological University, Ahmadabad.

  He is former Director of National Institute of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Development (NIESBUD) having served Government of Himachal Pradesh PSUs for 21 years plus including seven years as General Manager (Development) of State Electronic Development Corporation Ltd., engaged in Project Implementation, Infrastructure Development, Industrial Consultancy, Strategic Operations etc. He was then on deputation to a telecom solution provider company for about ten years as President (Operations). He also served as Consultant to a telecom multinational company for two years.

  He is also Government appointed Director on the Board of Directors of National Fertilizers Ltd., Government of India PSU.

  He has presented several papers internationally on topics of public concerns like telecom IT, environment management such as e waste, radiation; manufacturing, global peace and well being, excellence in performance etc.

  He is also Spiritual Healer, teacher of Yoga, Meditation and specialization in Psychic therapy, Acupressure.

 Details:- www.cmai.asia:: www.nationaleducationaward.com

Biography

  Some of the expressions are spontaneous, natural. The chirping of the birds, the prattle of a kid, the expression of love…for time immemorial they have remained the same, followed the same pattern, the same nuances, made the same impact here, there, all over the world.

  But in the world of need based communication, the days of drums and smoke signals are over, passed into history with Tarzan or Mongli. It all changed in 1792, a French engineer, Claude Chappe built the first visual telegraphy system between Paris and Lille, followed by a line from Strausbourg to Paris. A century later the conventional telephone came into being as an invention of Alexander Graham Bell. In India, telecommunication has crossed phenomenal 150 years , since.

  A person from the hill state of India, Himachal, neighbouring the mighty Himalays, aspired to be a part of this fascinating story, four decades back. Today, after 35 years in the world of telecommunication he finds himself at the centrestage of burgeoning telecom revolution in India, performing various pivotal sroles in the process, spreading his activities all over India and the world.

CDMA Technology Induction

While in TEMA and HFCL, was involved in induction of CDMA technology in Indian network as Chairman of TEMA Committee, which interacted heavily with Department of Telecom, BSNL, MTNL, TRAI, TEC, private service providers etc. playing active role in Product certification by Govt., equipment validation, technology comparison specially with GSM, technology suitability assessment, finalization of technical specifications, commercialization of product, initial and first commercial field trials, demand projections, first big procurement Government PSU operator tender, deployment, quality and technical approvals, acceptance testing, setting up of manufacturing facilities, plant operations and strategy for after sale service etc. An active involvement in policy formulations for full mobility for CDMA technology.

CORDECT Technology Induction

While in TEMA and HFCL, was responsible for finalization of technical specifications, Product certification by Govt., equipment validation, field trials, quality and technical approvals, market assessments, selling technology to Government telecom operator and large private telecom operator for large scale deployment, and as Project Director, HFCL the actual production and installations in field with after sale service facilities.

 
Mr N K Goyal

As a Project Director in HFCL, was involved in equipment validation, product certification and large scale manufacturing and installations of 2 GHZ DMRs, quality and technical approvals etc.

 
Policy Formulations

While in TEMA, was actively involved in various forums and Groups formed by Government, Department of Telecom, Planning Commission, Telecom operators, Industries Associations, Telecom Engineering Center, Quality Assurance etc. for various Government policies like NTP 94, NTP 99, Proposed Draft New Telecom Policy 2005, Proposed Draft Telecom Equipment Manufacturing Policy, technical Specifications for telecom/It equipments, telecom/IT R&D Policies, IX and X Five Year Plans for Telecom ,Working Group on 3 G, procurement policy and procedures, spectrum policies and procedures, National Frequency Allocation Plans, Spectrum Management policy framework, National Telecom Development Plans, State Industrial Policies, Industrial Trade, Import/Export Policies etc.

Infrastructure Development

While in HPSEDC and HPFC, was involved in project feasibility reports, project development, project financing, Planning and Development of Industrial Areas and as Ex Officio Chief Engineer Planning and Construction of Industrial Sheds.

Telecom R&D

Association with Research Institutes like CDOT, IIT Chennai, IIC Bangalore, MPR Teletech, HFCL R&D Wing and other private R&D Houses for coordinating continuously research on access, NGN, Broadband, DMR.

Rural Telecoms

While in TEMA, associated with rural telecom policy formulations, Universal Service Obligation policies. In HFCL as Project Director, was responsible for rural deployment of Cordect for large private operator and HFCL operations in Punjab and 2 GHZ for public telecom operator.

Dr. Salma Abbasi is the Founder, Chairperson and CEO of the eWorldwide Group, an international social enterprise focusing on innovation, sustainable development and security, working with Governments and Development agencies to achieve the SDGs.

A former Senior Vice President, Chief Quality Officer for Lucent Technologies, she has over 35 years’ experience in the field of technology, innovation and customer centric design. Dr. Abbasi is a graduate of Civil Engineering (BSc), Electrical Engineering (MSc) and a PhD in Information Communication Technology (ICT) for Development. This diverse engineering and technology background has given Dr. Abbasi a unique foundation to innovatively resolve complex problems at both the strategic and tactical levels, in the Public and Private Sectors.

In addition, Dr Abbasi is activity engaged as an Advisory Board member for several international organizations, focusing in the space of innovation, development, education and cyber resilience.

She is also a member of a series of UN and IEEE committees, contributing to the development of new policies, industry standards and guidelines in the broader context of online safety, internet addiction from social media, gaming and gambling and ethical AI for humanity and social good.

As Chairperson of the eWorldwide Group for 19 years, Dr. Abbasi is using her vast international experience and knowledge, along with her global network to leverage best practices to develop unique multi-sector, multi-stakeholder partnerships and engagements. She has successfully created strategies initiatives that integrate policies, stakeholders and promote innovations focusing on ‘win-win’ scenarios, thus laying the foundation for inclusive and sustainable knowledge economies, which in turn holistically drive the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Most recently, Dr Abbasi has developed a robust agriculture transformation initiative, powered by innovation and ICTs which is creating resilience, reducing avoidable deaths and addressing food security at the grassroots level across the rural farming communities. This has dramatically impacted the poorest of the poor, disrupting embedded power structures, while nurturing a new generation of agric. entrepreneurs, technopreneurs and SMART village clusters across the entire ecosystem, resulting in local economic growth.

She advocates ‘The only way to develop a truly resilient knowledge economy is to engage and equip local start-ups, entrepreneurs, SMEs, and MSMEs with holistic capabilities through ‘right skilling’, while promoting digitization, the green economy, social entrepreneurship and innovative financing, to create the foundation for sustainable and inclusive socio-economic development’.

Mrs. Kusum Duggal is the Vice Chancellor of Cyberlaw University, an internationally known Online University which is specifically dedicated to the study of Cyberlaw and related legal issues.

Mrs. Duggal is currently working hard to establish the University with a wider perspective. The honour of establishing University has been entrusted to her because of her passion to work endlessly and take the University to greater heights. She has compelling leadership qualities and has the knack of taking faculty alongwith her to put in their best. She has indeed an aura about herself that she touches hearts and inspires minds.

A distinguished academician and administrator, Mrs. Duggal started her career as a teacher in Delhi Public School of DPS Society, one of the prestigious societies in India in 1960. She has had a successful tenure of nearly five decades and since then, she has been regularly contributing to the evolving standards of excellence in education.  Her strong willpower, calibre, conviction, dedication and leadership qualities contributed in modernizing the revitalizing the school education system to the extent that she was selected to represent India in the United States under the Government of India Exchange Programme for Teachers in 1976.

She also made her remarkable contribution in her visit to the United States of America and not only strengthened Indo-US relations on education but further introduced new strategies and methodologies of education and teaching during her stint at the United States of America.

Mrs. Duggal has always endeavoured to bring new educational approaches and methodologies to uplift the cause of school education and capacity building. She is of the view that in the present scenario, there is a need for the teachers to be regularly updated and trained and motivated.  Mrs. Duggal believes that in today’s world, education has to be an ongoing phenomenon.  She is a strong believer of the thought process that the existing traditional education is good and will continue.  However, with the changing wings of today’s time and with transient new developments taking place, it is absolutely imperative for any person to keep on updating his knowledge and skills set up by constant education and professional developments. She has been contributing to the cause of uplifting the school education in India. Her thrust has been into generating responsible, confident and self-reliant students for a better world.

Mrs. Kusum Duggal is convent educated. She did her graduation from University of Delhi and Bachelors of Education (B.Ed) from Punjabi University topping in her college and was awarded “All Round Best Student Award” by the gracious hands of the then Governor of Punjab.  She further completed her Masters in History from Punjab University. She did Diploma in “Skills for Effective Teaching” and also “Administration and Supervision of Schools” from Maryland University, USA.

She served Delhi Public Schools Society in various capacities.  She was the President of the Thrift & Credit Society which gave loans to the various staff members.  She was member of the Delhi Public School Managing Committee for a number of years. She was Incharge of the Activities in managing various functions viz. International Dance Extravaganza with all the Embassy students participating. She served as a Principal in five schools. She was the Founder Principal of various schools – Delhi Public School, Ranipur and Delhi Public School, Navi Mumbai and Indraprastha International School, Dwarka, Delhi. She has also been the Principal of MDH International School, Janak Puri, Delhi. She retired as the Director of JM International School, Dwarka, Delhi.

Mrs. Duggal is the celebrated author of books for children. She has written 18 books for school children on different subjects and she has her own publication house viz. Saakshar Publications.

As a speaker and with specialization in History, she has been invited by various educational institutions for lectures and discussions and talked about number of cutting-edge issues on education. She has participated in several international and national conferences, seminars and workshops on issues related to education. She has been associated with the Managing Committees of several schools in India. She was responsible for starting Student Exchange Programme with France and UK.

Her impeccable and proven track record as an able and visionary administrator has enabled her to excel in her leadership role. A fact acknowledged by many prestigious awards that she has been conferred with. Mrs. Duggal has been extensively decorated with various awards, honors and distinctions in her educational career spanning nearly five decades. She is the recipient of the awards, “All Round Best Student of the Year” in training college in 1959. She was awarded by the Maryland University for topping in two Diplomas entitled “Skills for Effective Teaching” in 1976 and also “Administration and Supervision of Schools” in 1977. She received the Government of India State Award in 1992. She was further awarded with Bharat Nirman Award in 1993. She received Rotarians of India Excellence in Education Award in 1994, besides eleven other prestigious awards.

Her contribution in Delhi Public School ecosystem has been well documented. An educationist who has distinguished reputation in starting new schools, Mrs. Duggal as an educationist, has relevant skill-sets to start new ventures. That is why her passion for education finds a new avenue in the form of Cyberlaw University. Cyberlaw University is honoured and privileged to have an eminent educationist as its Vice Chancellor.

More about Mrs. Kusum Duggal is available at https://cyberlawuniversity.com/vice-chancellor/. 

Saakshar Duggal is an emerging technologies expert and a practicing Advocate in the Delhi High Court. He is the Advisor Academic Outreach of Cyberlaw University. He has given talks on various distinguished forums such as the United Nations Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland.

He has also authored a book entitled “Cybercrimes During Covid-19 & Legal Issues In India”. In this book, Saakshar has highlighted cyber security aspects of cyber criminal activities in India during Covid-19. (https://amzn.to/3GjqZyY). 

He was a distinguished speaker at the International Conference on Metaverse and Law-Opportunities and Challenges, held in cyberspace on 24th March, 2022 and spoke about the distinctive intellectual property rights and other legal issues impacting Metaverse ecosystem.

Saakshar Duggal’s TedX Talk “Metaverse-Crucial Challenges To Address” is one of the finest recent expositions on the various challenges, issues and aspects faced by #Metaverse. Saakshar explains, in an effective common man’s language, as to why these distinctive challenges need to be addressed by Metaverse stakeholders, if we want Metaverse to grow to its optimal potential. In his speech, Saakshar addressed various connected challenges including cyber security challenges in Metaverse for Metaverse stakeholders. (https://youtu.be/LC2banQO720). 

He, as a Cyber Security Expert, has conducted the Free Master Class entitled “Dive Deep Into Ransomware Attacks” on Wed, 15 Dec, 2021, 19:30 – 20:30 GMT+5:30, organized by AntWak, one of the leading players in the space of experiential learning that mirrors business reality. More about the said Free Master Class is available at https://lu.ma/AntWak_SDR.

Saakshar Duggal, as part of Cyberlaw University delegation, was invited to participate and attend the (18th meeting) First session of United Nations Ad Hoc Committee to Elaborate a Comprehensive International Convention on Countering the Use of Information and Communications Technologies for Criminal Purposes, on the elements and inputs that need to

be incorporated in the proposed International Convention to prevent the misuse of Information & Communication Technologies for criminal purposes. He has also highlighted the cyber security elements in the proposed International Convention to prevent the misuse of Information & Communication Technologies for criminal purposes.  He argued that cyber security ramifications that have to be an integral part of the proposed International Convention to prevent the misuse of Information & Communication Technologies for criminal purposes. 

He is the Coordinator of Center Against Cyber Bullying (CACB). Saakshar has been working on cutting-edge areas pertaining to cyber bullying in particular and cybercrime in general and their prevalence amongst youth and teenagers. He has addressed various students and children of different aspects of cyber bullying and connected legalities. 

Saakshar Duggal addressed the Thematic Workshop entitled “Round Table on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity”, organized by Cyberlaws.Net and Pavan Duggal Associates, Advocates, under the aegis of the International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity at the ITU WSIS Forum 2022, on 26th April, 2022. During his address, Saakshar elaborated the various challenges thrown up by Metaverse including challenges concerning Metaverse crimes, Metaverse cyber security and Metaverse legalities. He further contributed in the interactive panel discussions in the said Thematic Workshop. He has also been featured amongst the list of speakers in the said Thematic Workshop which is available at https://www.itu.int/net4/wsis/forum/2022/Agenda/Session/315. 

He addressed a session on cybercrime at the Asia Pacific Region Internet Governance Forum held from 3rd – 6th August, 2014 at Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. 

Saakshar was a distinguished speaker at the International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity 2014 held at New Delhi on 20th November, 2014, and spoke on the subject of Cybercrime amongst youth.

Saakshar Duggal was a speaker the International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity 2015 which took place on 19th November, 2015 at New Delhi. He addressed the said Conference on the subject Social Media, Children, Cyber Bullying & New Challenges. In addition, he also participated in the Round Table on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity, held on 27th May, 2016 at New Delhi.

Saakshar Duggal was an eminent youth speaker on the subject Cyber Bullying at the International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity 2016 which took place on 17th & 18th November, 2016 at New Delhi.

Saakshar Duggal was a distinguished speaker at the Thematic Workshop entitled “Cyberlaw, Cyber Security Law, Internet of Things and Emerging Global Trends” held on 12th June, 2017 during the ITU WSIS Forum 2017 at Geneva, Switzerland, hosted by International Telecommunications Union, UNESCO, UNDP, UNCTAD, UNICEF. He spoke on the emerging challenges concerning cyber security and cybercrime being faced by the youth of the world in general and India in particular. The said Thematic Workshop was organized by Pavan Duggal Associates, Advocates.

Saakshar was also a Speaker at the Session entitled “Protecting Children from Online Sexual

Abuse and Related Perspectives”, Session entitled “Artificial Intelligence & Blockchain” and also Session entitled “Wearable Technologies & Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Cyberspace” at the International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity 2017 which took place from 16th & 17th November, 2017 at New Delhi.

Saakshar Duggal was also a Speaker at 2018, 2019 versions of the International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity held at New Delhi.

He was also a Speaker at 2020, 2021 and 2022 versions of the Virtual International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity held in cyberspace.

Saakshar was invited as a Keynote Speaker to address the Session on Combating Cyberbullying, wherein he has highlighted the cybercrime and cyber security aspects connected with cybercrime in the Indian context with specific focus on targeting women and children and how to further help empower them by strengthening their cyber security related awareness levels and orientation.  

Saakshar was also invited as a Keynote Speaker by Women's Indian Chamber of Commerce & Industry (WICCI) for conducting a Session on “Cybercrimes And Us”, wherein he also highlighted various cybercrimes and their relationship with cyber security. 

Saakshar Duggal was invited to be a panelist in the Panel Discussions on Legal Framework On Cyber Enabled Human Trafficking And OCSAE, organised by Cyber Peace Foundation, wherein he has highlighted the need for focussing on cyber security awareness and developing appropriate cyber security skillsets. 

He was also invited by the Central Board of Secondary Education and Cyber Peace Foundation to speak in Cyber Jagrookta Diwas on the topic of “Social Media Crimes”. In his speech, Saakshar has highlighted various emerging trends in social media crimes and the connected cyber security ramifications impacting social media crimes and the need for strengthening cyber security status amongst social media users. 

Saakshar has also participated in cyber security legal ramifications discussions at the Cyber Range organised by IBM at Bengaluru. In the said discussions, he highlighted how the legalities pertaining to cyber security compliances need to be adhered to by affected legal entities to avoid becoming victim of cyber incidents/cyber security breaches. 

Saakshar Duggal addressed the members of the Malaysian judiciary at the session on ground position of cybercrimes in India at the special one-day training on Special Cyber Court held at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in July, 2016.

Saakshar has addressed various sessions at Halloclub on various topics including “Emerging Technologies Post Pandemic”, All You Need To Know About Metaverse & Intellectual Property Rights”, “Insights Into Iot And New Opportunities”, “Know About Cyber Bullying”, “Zero Trust Network In Cyber Security”, “Cyber Security Threats In 2023”, “Chatgpt – The Next Revolution”. 

Saakshar has given numerous talks in various schools in India on how children and teenagers can protect themselves from the ill-effect of cyber bullying. Saakshar also features in various TV programs on cyber bullying in different Indian TV channels. He has also addressed various colleges, universities and educational institutions including GD Goenka University, Amity University, Saheed Sukhdev College, Amity University, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College. 

He has done his school studies from Springdales School, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi.

Saakshar has played an important role in preparing the guidance material including list of readings and viewings in focus areas of cyber security being conducted by Cyberlaw University, at Cyberlaw University in his capacity as Advisor Academic Outreach of Cyberlaw University.   He has also been responsible for collaborating on various international partners of Cyberlaw University on cyber security matters. He has been conducting academic research on cyber security and cyber resilience for various courses of Cyberlaw University. 

He has also been instrumental in drafting correspondences and technical information for transmission with various business partners of Cyberlaw University. 

He has been liasoning on behalf of Cyberlaw University as its Advisor Academic Outreach with various cyber security institutions and educational bodies and centres on cyber security and cybercrime academic capacity building issues.  

He has also been associated with various capacity building initiatives, webinars, sessions, lectures and conferences organised by Cyberlaw University for enhancing capacity building concerning Cyberlaw and cyber security law.  

He has also been instrumental in developing documentation and relevant papers for meeting with various academic outreach partners of Cyberlaw University. 

He has also played an active role in contribution to the development of Outcome Document of the International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity 2022 and has been instrumental and timely dissemination of effective statements, presentations and outcomes of the International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity with various other stakeholders in the cyber ecosystem. 

He has also been contributing to the development of promotion materials at Cyberlaw University to expand global awareness of Cyberlaw University courses including cyber security course and activities. 

He has also been preparing and delivering accurate speeches and presentations on different aspects on cyber security and cyber resilience at various conferences on behalf of Cyberlaw University. 

He has also been making contribution for cyber security contribution at the UN consultative process initiated by UN Adhoc Committee to contribute towards the development of proposed International Convention to prevent the misuse of Information & Communication Technologies for criminal purposes. 

He has been liasoning with various international stakeholders and partners on behalf of Cyberlaw University to collaborate in their efforts to prepare appropriate cyber security guidance material. He has been conducting and planning events that raise awareness on cyber security and cyber resilience including aviation cyber security. 

He has also been working on collating international best practices related to cyber protection and resilience on critical data, information and systems used in cyber ecosystems from threats and cyber hazards that may jeopardise the safety, security and/or data efficiently to cyber ecosystem. 

He is a practicing advocate at Delhi High Court and has dealt with cyber security matters on behalf of various clients. 

He hold his first level University degree being BA LL.B from Amity Law School, Delhi, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University. 

He has experience in communication and technical cyber level information pertaining to cyber security and connected legalities to vast range of audience. 

He has also experience in developing policy papers and/or guidance material concerning cyber security in various courses of Cyberlaw University. 

He has experience in managing and organising international meetings including workshops and symposiums. 

Saakshar has got fluency in writing, reading and speaking abilities in English language. 

Saakshar has thorough professional who has got ability to write clearly concisely and to present verbal report. He shows pride and work in achievements demonstrating professional mastery overall subject matters of cyber security and cyber resilience and connected legalities, is consensus and efficient in meeting commitments, observing deadlines and achieving results and is motivated by professional rather than personal concerns.  

He shows persistence when being faced with difficult problems and challenges and remain clam in stressful situation. He has got excellent communication skills and he speaks clearly and effectively listens to others, correctly interpret messages from others and response appropriately, ask questions to clarify and exhibit interest in having two-way communication. 

He further focussed on delivering language, tone, style and format to match with the audience and demonstrates openness in sharing information and keep people informed. 

Saakshar is a team player who believes in team work and works collaboratively with colleagues to achieve organisational goals. 

He develops clear goals that are consistent with strategies, identify priority activities and assignments as part of his planning and organisation and use time efficiently.  He take ownership of commitment and has committed to the cause of accountability, transparency and credibility. 

He thinks outside the box and interest in new ideas and new way of doing things and is not bound by growing thinking or traditional approach. 

Current Activities: Drishyaa Duggal is a student pursuing B.A.( Hons) Applied Psychology from Amity University, Noida. She has passed out from Springdales School, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi.

Achievements :Drishyaa Duggal is a regular speaker at International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime and Cybersecurity, having addressed the said conference in 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022. 

Drishyaa Duggal addressed the First Inter-sessional Consultation of the Ad Hoc Committee, held from 24-25 March, 2022 at Vienna. The Ad Hoc Committee has been established establish to elaborate a Comprehensive International Convention on Countering the Use of Information and Communications Technologies for Criminal Purposes. She has highlighted the need for incorporating cyber psychology elements as part of the Preamble of the proposed Comprehensive International Convention on Countering the Use of Information and Communications Technologies for Criminal Purposes.  

Drishyaa Duggal addressed the Thematic Workshop entitled “Round Table on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity”, organized by Cyberlaws.Net and Pavan Duggal Associates, Advocates, under the aegis of the International Conference on Cyberlaw, Cybercrime & Cybersecurity at the ITU WSIS Forum 2022, on 26th April, 2022.  During her address, Drishyaa spoke about cyber psychology aspects of cyber actors in today’s cyber ecosystem and the need for addressing cyber psychology aspects of digital activities in today’s digital ecosystem. 

She also spoke at the Thematic Workshop entitled “Cyberlaw, Cyber Security Law, Internet of Things and Emerging Global Trends” held on 12th June, 2017 during the ITU WSIS Forum 2017 at Geneva, Switzerland, hosted by International Telecommunications Union, UNESCO, UNDP, UNCTAD, UNICEF.  In the said Thematic Workshop, she spoke from the perspectives of youngsters and school children on cyberspace issues, given the increased incidents of cyber harassment and cyber trolling being engaged both by targeted at youngsters and school children. 

Drishyaa Duggal was part of the organizing team in organizing the First International Conference on ‘Ethics as a transversal dimension in higher education: Challenges for Latin America’ at UCA in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 21- 22 October 2019.

She has been awarded numerous prizes and awards in different competitions organized by different academic institutions. She was awarded the First Prize in Market Mania organized by Zakir Hussain College, Delhi University in March 2022. She has been awarded first prize in Image Weavers, The Image-Based Extempore conducted under Vasundhara, 2022 organized by Shaheed Bhagat Singh College, University of Delhi in March 2022.She was the First Rank Holder at Ideathon Competition, organized by Shivaji College, University of Delhi and also at the Turncoat Debate Competition. Drishyaa has been awarded the Runners Up award for ReVamp It in Xenia 2022, organized by ISBF in February, 2022.  She has been awarded second prize in Strategy Shastra organized by Atma Ram Sanatan Dharam College, University of Delhi in March 2022. 

She had also attended internationally acclaimed Workshop on Millionaire Mind Intensive. 

She participated in the Commonwealth Essay Competition 2020. 

She also participated in three projects on Community Service, Broadcasting and Blogging held at Bhutan in 2019 and awarded with Certification of Participation for the same. 

She had participated in Pearl Academy Art Competition organized by Pearl Academy and awarded with Certificate of Participation.