INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
	
	Geneva,  5 August 1998 	
	No.  255-8	

Reports on Questions and
Recommendations ITU-D
Study Groups 1 and 2  –  Edition 1998	  	

via ITU Website    	
The ITU-D Study Groups were set up in accordance with Resolution 2 of WTDC-94 (Buenos Aires, March 1994). For the period 1994-1998 Study Group 1 was entrusted with the study of five Questions in the field of telecommunication development strategies and policies, and Study Group 2 was entrusted with the study of eight Questions on more technical matters. The actual work began in 1995 and resulted in a series of twelve Recommendations, which were approved at WTDC-98 (Valletta, March 1998).	
Date of publication:	September 98	
Language:	English, French, Spanish	
Format:	A4 (21  29.7 cm) – Word for WindowsTM – Adobe AcrobatTM	
Item number:
(Complete collection)	Printed version
English
13140	
French
13139	
Spanish
13141	
Price in Swiss Francs:
(Complete collection)	Catalogue Price:      710.–
Member States and Sector Members:     603.–
Least developed countries:      149.–
Electronic Bookshop:     See table page 5
Price on line:     400.–
Member States and Sector Members:     340.–
Least developed countries:     80.–	

Price multiplier for multi-users at the same location	
Number of authorized users	2-10	11-25	26-50	51-100	> 100	
Price multiplier	2	4	6	9	on request	
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Reports on Questions and
Recommendations ITU-D
Study Groups 1 and 2  –  Edition 1998
Study Group 1
Report on Question 1/1	Role of telecommunications in economic, social and cultural development
While there is increasing recognition of the importance of telecommunications for development, it is by no means universal. The report deals with the issue of correlation of telecommunications in economic, social and cultural development, and specifically addresses policy makers. This report is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the economic impact of telecommunications and reviews the macroeconomic and microeconomic evidence of the benefits and discusses a number of case studies relating to cost-saving, increased income and efficiency gains effects of telecommunications. The second part focuses on the role of telecommunications in promoting social and cultural cohesion.
Publication date:  September 1998
Report on Question 2/1	Telecommunication policies and their repercussions at the level of institutional, regulatory and operational aspects of services
Given the focus on liberalization and change, the context for this report is defined by the recognition that the world is moving towards a more liberalized telecommunication sector. This report focuses on the issues that must be considered by countries, particularly developing countries, to implement a more liberalized telecommunication sector. Telecommunication policies and regulatory models differ appreciably from one country to another.
This report includes a comparative analysis of the different regulatory models applied.
Publication date:  September 1998
Report on Question 3/1	Impact of the introduction and utilization of new technologies on the commercial and regulatory environment of telecommunications
An important Question faced by the developing countries relates to the choice, timing and the deployment of new technologies in their telecommunication entities. This report provides an overview of currently available new telecommunication technologies which have the potential of enhancing telecommunications, and consequently business and the economy in developing countries. The report includes – by way of examples – some specific technologies and applications.
Publication date:  September 1998
Report on Question 4/1	Policies and ways for financing telecommunication infrastructures in developing countries
This report aims to assist the developing countries in preparing their financial strategies and policies in the context of reform of the telecommunication sector. The report also provides a review of financing possibilities.
Publication date:  To be advised
Report on Question 5/1	Industrialization and transfer of technology
Technological change in the telecommunication sector has far-reaching implication for the competitiveness of other economies and sectors. A major avenue for technological development in developing countries is through transfer of technology from developed countries. The report discusses the methods and implications of a variety of channels of technology transfer in the telecommunication sector.
Publication date:  To be advised

Study Group 2
Report on Question 1/2	Special concerns of developing countries in relation to the work of the Radiocommunication and Telecommunication Standardization Sectors
This report identifies Radiocommunication and Telecommunication Standardization Sector Study Group Questions which are of particular concern to the developing countries. The report discusses a number of issues which require specialized study by developing countries, and identifies a select number of technologies which need to be evaluated as to their appropriateness in a developing country context.
Publication date:  September 1998
Report on Question 2/2	Preparation of handbooks for developing countries
1)	Handbook on	“New developments in rural telecommunications”
Publication date:  To be advised
2)	Handbook on	“New technologies and new services”
Publication date:  To be advised
3)	Handbook on	“National radio frequency spectrum management and monitoring system – Economic, organizational and regulatory aspect”
This Handbook consists of 7 chapters and includes a glossary and a bibliography. The seven chapters are:
1)	Spectrum management and monitoring – Introduction
2)	Economic aspects of spectrum management
3)	Spectrum management/monitoring rules
4)	One agency for spectrum management
5)	Organizational aspects
6)	Spectrum management information system
7)	Agency planning and implementation principles
The handbook discusses different approaches to spectrum attribution, monitoring requirements and licensing, revenue from spectrum including auctioning and spectrum fees, the mission, structure and implementation of a spectrum management agency, and information system requirements including cost planning.
Publication date:  September 1998
Report on Question 3/2	Planning, management, operation and maintenance of telecommunication networks
This report discusses issues arising from the convergence of information and telecommunication technologies that are of specific relevance to the network planning function within developing countries. The various issues on the interconnection of conventional Public Switched Telephone Network with newly offered different networks are explained. The issues relevant to technical maintenance are highlighted. The assessment of needs of developing countries for telecommunication management is presented.
Publication date:  September 1998

Report on Question 4/2	Communications for rural and remote areas
There is increasing recognition that there is positive correlation between the availability of telecommunication services and the economic and social development in rural areas. This report provides comprehensive guidelines to developing countries in addressing the telecommunication needs of rural and remote areas. It explains why telecommunications are important and economically attractive, provides information on what has to be accomplished to bring telecommunication services to rural and remote areas, and, through the Recommendations, how this can most effectively be carried out.
Publication date:  September 1998
Report on Question 5/2	Human resources development and management
Structural reforms in the telecommunication sector, rapid technological change and the emergence of a global information-based economy have significant implications for HRD. The roles of all sector participants are being redefined. The report addresses human resources development and management with a view to changing the management culture of the telecommunications agencies and organizations in order to meet the challenges of the changing environment.
Publication date:  September 1998
Report on Question 6/2	Impact of telecommunications in health-care and other social services
This report focuses on the possibilities of implementing telemedicine and telehealth services in developing countries. After reviewing telemedicine experience in different parts of the world, the report analyzes the costs and benefits and the means of delivery in a cost-effective way. The report is intended to serve as a handbook for government administrations and operating agencies so that they can evaluate a range of possibilities and choices related to networks and applications, cost-benefit analysis and standards in order to identify the solutions appropriate to their needs and availability of resources.
Publication date:  September 1998
Report on Question 7/2	Telecommunication support for the protection of the environment
The issue of environmental protection is a key aspect of sustainable development. Telecommunication and information technologies can play an important role inprotecting the environment. This report discusses environmental concern at global, regional and national levels, as well as the ways in which telecommunication can support in minimizing – if not eliminating – such problems.
Publication date:  September 1998
Report on Question 8/2	Public service broadcasting infrastructure in developing countries
The report focuses on two areas: first, the impact of the changing environment characterized by technological change, deregulation and privatization of the Public Service Broadcasting. Secondly, the report discusses how the developing countries can be assisted in improving their PSB infrastructure. The report is based on a Questionnaire survey of organizations concerned with PSB.
Publication date:  September 1998

	Price	Article numbers	
Reports on Questions and Recommendations	Catalogue*	Member States and Sector Members	Least developed countries*	French	English	Spanish	
Question 1/1	29.–	25.–	    6.–	13138	13137	13170	
Question 2/1	42.–	36.–	9.–	13156	13142	13171	
Question 3/1	57.–	48.–	12.–	13157	13143	13172	
Question 4/1	49.–	42.–	10.–	13158	13144	13173	
Question 5/1	31.–	27.–	7.–	13159	13145	13174	
Question 1/2	46.–	39.–	10.–	13160	13146	13175	
Question 2/2 [1]	38.–	32.–	8.–	13161	13147	13176	
Question 2/2 [2]	98.–	83.–	20.–	13162	13148	13177	
Question 2/2 [3]	46.–	39.–	10.–	13410	13409	13411	
Question 3/2	18.–	15.–	4.–	13163	13149	13178	
Question 4/2	34.–	29.–	7.–	13164	13150	13179	
Question 5/2	18.–	15.–	4.–	13165	13151	13180	
Question 6/2	128.–	108.–	26.–	13166	13152	13181	
Question 7/2	29.–	25.–	6.–	13167	13153	13182	
Question 8/2	18.–	15.–	4.–	13168	13154	13183	
Recommendations
ITU-D SG 1 & 2	29.–	25.–	6.–	13169	13155	13186	
Complete collection	710.–	603.–	149.–	13139	13140	13141	
*	Electronic Bookshop:	Price minimal  20.–

 
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No.  255-8
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Reports on Questions and
Recommendations ITU-D
Study Groups 1 and 2  –  Edition 1998
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Article number:	 13140  (Complete collection)
	 Individual  (See page 5)	No. 255-8	
Reports on Questions and
Recommendations ITU-D
Study Groups 1 and 2  –  Edition 1998

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