{"id":126,"date":"2024-04-11T10:02:47","date_gmt":"2024-04-11T10:02:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/?page_id=126"},"modified":"2026-04-02T15:42:19","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T15:42:19","slug":"home","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/","title":{"rendered":"home"},"content":{"rendered":"\n        <section class=\"ituBanner bg hero-main hero-main-container hero-main--img-title\" style=\"height: auto !important;\">\n        <div class=\"hero-main__bg-img lazy\" role=\"img\" data-bg=\"url(https:\/\/www.itu.int\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/74\/2025\/07\/rnss-banner.jpg)\" style=\"background-image: url(&quot;https:\/\/www.itu.int\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/74\/2025\/07\/rnss-banner.jpg&quot;);\">\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"ituContainer grid\" style=\"padding-top: 0;\">\n            <div class=\"content hero-main-content-mobile\" data-span=\"8\">\n                <div class=\"main\">\n                    <h2 class=\"h1 white\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;\">Harmful Interference to Radio Navigation Satellite Service<\/h2>\n                <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"addInfo\">\n                        <p class=\"white\">(RNSS)<\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n        <div data-span=\"12\">\n                            <div style=\"color:#000000\" class=\"is-style-blue horizontal wp-block-brblocks-tabs is-style-blue vertical wp-block-brblocks-tabs\" data-default-active=\"0\" data-update-hash=\"1\">\r\n    <div class=\"tab-buttons\" data-tabs=\"buttons\" role=\"tablist\"><\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"tab-contents\" data-tabs=\"contents\">\r\n        \n<div class=\"tab-content active wp-block-brblocks-tab\">\r\n    <h4 class=\"tab-title\" style=\"display:none\">101st RRB Meeting<\/h4>\r\n    \n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">101st RRB Meeting<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board considered in detail the request from the Administrations of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania concerning harmful interference to receivers in the radionavigation-satellite (RNSS) and mobile services, as contained in Document RRB26-1\/16.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board noted the following points:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Administrations of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania had reported that harmful interference had initially affected the RNSS; however, the interference was now observed not only at high altitudes; there had been an increase of interference to IMT services in some areas, with the interference originating from the territory of the Russian Federation;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Latvian Administration had not received any response to its interference reports from the Administration of the Russian Federation;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The coordination meeting between the Administrations of the Russian Federation and of Lithuania on harmful interference to receivers in the RNSS had been held in March 2026, as reported on by the Bureau in Addendum 7 to Document RRB26-1\/4;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The current interference situation had severely impacted on safety of life services and a solution was urgently required.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board strongly urged the Administration of the Russian Federation to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>comply with all the relevant provisions of Articles 45 and 47 of the ITU Constitution and RR Nos.&nbsp;4.10, 15.1, 15.28 and 15.37;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>take the necessary actions to respond to the communications from the administrations reporting harmful interference to their RNSS and IMT services;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>immediately solve cases of harmful interference to RNSS receivers affecting safety services, civil aviation and maritime and IMT services that originated from its territory.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board invited the concerned Administrations to conduct bilateral or multilateral meetings, especially between the Administration of the Russian Federation and the Administration of Estonia and Latvia, to resolve the cases of harmful interference to RNSS receivers and prevent their reoccurrence.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board instructed the Bureau to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>invite all the administrations concerned to cooperate in goodwill to solve the cases of harmful interference;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>to report on progress on the matter to the 102<sup>nd<\/sup> meeting of the Board.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-summary-to-table wp-block-custom-summary-to-table has-custom-css wp-custom-css-04e0b0b0\"><h2>Input contributions from<\/h2><div class=\"input-contributions\"><div class=\"EST\"><h3>EST<\/h3><div><a class=\"summary-extract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/md\/R26-RRB26.1-C-0016\/en\">RRB26-1\/16<\/a><\/div><div><a class=\"summary-extract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/md\/R26-RRB26.1-C-0004\/en\">RRB26-1\/4(Add.7)<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><h2>Delayed documents from<\/h2><div class=\"delayed-documents\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"tab-content wp-block-brblocks-tab\">\r\n    <h4 class=\"tab-title\" style=\"display:none\">100th RRB Meeting<\/h4>\r\n    \n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">100th RRB Meeting<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board considered in detail the Report of the Director of the Radiocommunication Bureau, as contained in Document RRB25-3\/11 and its Addenda 1 to 6, and thanked the Bureau for the extensive and detailed information provided.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board noted Addendum 4 to Document RRB25-3\/11, on harmful interference to receivers in the RNSS.<br>The Board thanked the Bureau for its report, the publication of a dedicated Bureau webpage for informing the ITU membership and the general public about such harmful interference cases, and the support provided to the administrations concerned.<br>Concerning the global situation of interference to RNSS receivers, in view of the persistence of harmful interference cases, the Board reiterated to the administrations concerned their obligation to cooperate urgently in the resolution of the cases, in compliance with the ITU Constitution and the Radio Regulations. The Board again urged administrations to prevent any type of transmission that could adversely affect the RNSS receivers of other administrations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Concerning the specific case of RNSS receivers located in&nbsp;Estonia, Finland, Latvia and Lithuania and subject to interference from a source located on the territory of the Russian Federation, the Board instructed the Bureau to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>again urge the Administration of the Russian Federation to take all possible actions to immediately cease any source of harmful interference to safety services in the RNSS;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>continue providing assistance to the administrations concerned to resolve the cases of harmful interference and prevent their reoccurrence;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>continue assisting in the organization of bilateral or multilateral meetings between the Administration of the Russian Federation, on the one hand, and the Administrations of Estonia, Finland, Latvia and Lithuania, on the other;<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">report on progress on the matter to future Board meetings.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-separation-bar\"><div style=\"background-color:#009ad7;height:1px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board noted Addendum 6 to Document RRB25-3\/11, containing a submission from the Administration of Israel providing additional information on cases of harmful interference to receivers in the RNSS.The Board noted the following points:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Following its meetings with the Administrations of Jordan and Egypt in July 2025, the Administration of Israel had committed to implement operational safeguards to ensure that transmissions were strictly limited to situations where there was an imminent and verifiable threat to human life or critical national infrastructure, and in such cases, did not exceed a duration of 15 minutes.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Since then, no complaint regarding cases of interference to the RNSS had been reported.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board thanked the Administration of Israel for its report on the status of the situation and the work done. It noted that the positive attitude demonstrated by the Administration of Israel and the cooperation of the Administrations of Jordan and Egypt had resulted in the resolution of the harmful interference cases.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-separation-bar\"><div style=\"background-color:#009ad7;height:1px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"tab-content wp-block-brblocks-tab\">\r\n    <h4 class=\"tab-title\" style=\"display:none\">99th RRB Meeting<\/h4>\r\n    \n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">99th RRB Meeting<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board considered in detail the Report of the Director of the Radiocommunication Bureau, as contained in Document RRB25-2\/4 and its Corrigendum 1 and Addenda 1, 2, 3 and 4 and thanked the Bureau for the extensive and detailed information provided.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a)&nbsp;The Board noted all action items under \u00a7 1 of Document RRB25-2\/4 arising from the decisions of the 98th Board meeting.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board considered the draft version of the dedicated webpage developed by the Bureau for the publication, for the ITU membership and the general public, of relevant information and associated RRB decisions&nbsp;<s><strong>[<\/strong><\/s>on cases of harmful interference affecting the&nbsp;RNSS. The Board proposed further improvements and requested the Bureau to publish the revised version on its webpage.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the bilateral meetings&nbsp;between the Administrations of Israel,&nbsp;on the one hand, and the Administrations of&nbsp;Jordan and Egypt, on the other,&nbsp;to address the cases of harmful interference to the RNSS, the Board thanked the Bureau for&nbsp;havingconvened such meetings on 10 July 2025&nbsp;and noted&nbsp;Document&nbsp;RRB25-2\/DELAYED\/6 &nbsp;from the Administration of Israel for information.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Board further noted with satisfaction that all three administrations had expressed willingness to cooperate for the successful resolution of the issue&nbsp;and decided:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>to encourage&nbsp;all three&nbsp;administrations to pursue such cooperation in goodwill to resolve all cases of harmful interference to the RNSS,&nbsp;in compliance with the ITU Constitution and&nbsp;the Radio Regulations, and to prevent their re-occurrence;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>to urge the Administration of Israel to take all necessary actions to immediately cease harmful interference that adversely impacted safety services and to report on these actions to the 100th Board meeting.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board instructed the Bureau&nbsp;to continue to support the&nbsp;efforts of all&nbsp;three administrations, as necessary,&nbsp;to resolve&nbsp;the cases of harmful interference.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the other cases of harmful interference to RNSS receivers, the Board noted with great concern their persistence despite the 17<em><strong>th<\/strong><\/em> March 2025 joint statement from the secretaries general of ITU, IMO and ICAO calling for all parties to protect RNSS transmissions and reiterated to the Administrations concerned their obligation to cooperate urgently in the resolution of the cases, in compliance with the ITU Constitution and the Radio Regulations. The Board also urged Administrations to prevent any type of transmission that could adversely affect RNSS receivers from other Administrations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-separation-bar\"><div style=\"background-color:#009ad7;height:1px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board considered in detail Document RRB25-2\/19, in which from the Administrations of Estonia, Finland, Latvia and Lithuania reported on harmful interference to receivers in the radionavigation-satellite service (RNSS) and mobile service (MS). The Board also noted Document RRB25-2\/DELAYED\/1 from the Administration of the Russian Federation &nbsp;for information. The Board noted the following:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>cases of harmful interference to RNSS receivers affecting safety of life services, civil aviation and maritime services had persisted and expanded to affect larger territories;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>the administrations of Finland and Lithuania had reported new cases of harmful interference affecting IMT stations;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>some administrations had not received any response to the interference reports from the Administration of the Russian Federation while others had only received acknowledgements of receipt under RR No.&nbsp;15.35 without any further action taken;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Harmful interference was deliberately caused to RNSS receivers in the region by the Russian Federation as a means to protect its infrastructure.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board expressed its grave concern with how the situation was evolving and emphasized that a military conflict between two nations could not justify the non-respect by those nations of their obligations under the ITU instruments with respect to other nations and putting at risk the critical infrastructures and lives of these other nations not party to the conflict.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board strongly urged the Administration of the Russian Federation to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>comply with all the relevant provisions of Articles 45 and 47 of the ITU Constitution, RR Nos.&nbsp;4.10, 15.1, 15.28 and 15.37, and <em>resolvesto urge administrations<\/em> of Resolution&nbsp;676 (WRC-23), in particular when harmful interference adversely affected safety services;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>to take the necessary actions to respond to communications from administrations reporting harmful interference to RNSS and to immediately cease this harmful interference that originated from its territory;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>investigate the cases of interference to IMT stations reported by the Administrations of Finland and Lithuania, and to take appropriate actions, in coordination with those administrations, to resolve them.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board&nbsp;reiterated the decision made at its 98<em>th<\/em> meeting and instructed the Bureau to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>urge the Administration of the Russian Federation to take all possible actions to immediately cease any source of harmful interference to safety services in the RNSS;<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>support the efforts of the administrations concerned to resolve the case of harmful interference, in particular by convening bilateral or multilateral meetings between the Administration of the Russian Federation, on the one hand, and the Administrations of Estonia, Finland, Latvia and Lithuania, on the other, to resolve the cases of harmful interference to the RNSS reported by administrations and prevent their reoccurrence;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>report on progress in the matter to the 100<em>th<\/em> Board meeting.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-separation-bar\"><div style=\"background-color:#009ad7;height:1px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"tab-content wp-block-brblocks-tab\">\r\n    <h4 class=\"tab-title\" style=\"display:none\">98th RRB Meeting<\/h4>\r\n    \n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">98th RRB Meeting<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board carefully considered Addendum 3 to Document RRB25-1\/8(Rev.1) and thanked the Bureau for the updated report on persistent cases of harmful interference affecting receivers in the radionavigation-satellite service (RNSS) in the regions of the Middle East, Baltic Sea and the Korean Peninsula. The Board considered with appreciation the Bureau\u2019s proposed recommendations and decided to endorse those recommendations, as per the following:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In view of the persistence of the harmful interference cases and in accordance with RR <strong>No. 13.2<\/strong>, the Board:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>continued to note with grave concern the increasing number of cases of harmful interference affecting safety services, civil aviation and maritime services;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>reiterated to the Administrations concerned the need to cooperate urgently in the resolution of the cases and the prevention of their reoccurrence in&nbsp;compliance with the ITU Constitution and Radio Regulations;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>instructed the Bureau to create a dedicated webpage where relevant information of cases of harmful interference affecting the RNSS, associated RRB decisions, applicable provisions of the ITU Constitution and Radio Regulations, recommendations and other relevant information could be provided to the ITU membership and the general public in order to raise awareness of the situation.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The attention of the administrations concerned should be drawn again to their obligations outlined in&nbsp;\u00a7 6 of Document RRB24-3\/23.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-separation-bar\"><div style=\"background-color:#009ad7;height:1px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board considered in detail Document RRB25-1\/4 from the Administration of Jordan, Document RRB25-1\/9 from the Administration of Israel and Document RRB25-1\/16 from the Administration of Egypt regarding harmful interference to receivers in the radionavigation-satellite service (RNSS). The Board also noted Document RRB25-1\/DELAYED\/1 from the Administration of Jordan for information. The Board thanked the Administrations of Jordan and Egypt for reporting cases of harmful interference to RNSS receivers.&nbsp; The Board noted that:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Administration of Israel had not identified any source of interference within its territory matching the descriptions provided in the complaints.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Harmful interference continued to be experienced in the Middle East threatening the safety of life on board flights and ships.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The need to comply with Articles 45 and 47 of the ITU Constitution and Resolution <strong>676 (WRC-23)<\/strong>, on prevention and mitigation of harmful interference to the radionavigation-satellite service in the frequency bands 1&nbsp;164\u20131&nbsp;215&nbsp;MHz and 1&nbsp;559\u20131&nbsp;610&nbsp;MHz, and the relevance of Circular Letter&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/md\/R00-CR-CIR-0488\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CR\/488<\/a>, on prevention of harmful interference to radionavigation-satellite service receivers in the 1&nbsp;559\u20131&nbsp;610&nbsp;MHz frequency band.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board instructed the Bureau to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>urge the Administration of Israel to take all necessary actions to immediately cease harmful interference that adversely impacted on safety services and report to the 99<em>th<\/em> Board meeting, and strongly urge the Administrations of Israel, Jordan and Egypt to cooperate in goodwill in promptly resolving all cases of harmful interference;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>convene bilateral or multilateral meetings with the Administrations of Israel, Jordan and Egypt.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Furthermore, the Board urged the administrations concerned to comply with all the relevant provisions of Articles 45 and 47 of the ITU Constitution, RR Nos.&nbsp;<strong>4.10<\/strong>, <strong>15.1<\/strong>, <strong>15.28<\/strong> and <strong>15.37<\/strong> and the <em>resolves<\/em> of Resolution&nbsp;<strong>676 (WRC-23)<\/strong>, in particular when harmful interference adversely affected safety services.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-separation-bar\"><div style=\"background-color:#009ad7;height:1px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board considered in detail Document RRB25-1\/12 from the Administrations of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, and Document RRB25-1\/17 from co-signed administrations regarding harmful interference to receivers in the radionavigation-satellite service (RNSS). The Board concluded as follows:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Board continued to note with grave concern the increasing number of cases of harmful interference affecting safety services, civil aviation and maritime services.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Board stressed the need to comply with RR No.&nbsp;<strong>4.10<\/strong> whenever harmful interference degraded systems of safety services in the RNSS.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>As measurements had geolocated the source of the harmful interference within the territory of the Russian Federation, the Board urged the Administration of the Russian Federation to take timely actions and provide timely responses whenever receiving a communication that one of their stations was causing harmful interference to a safety service, in compliance with RR No.&nbsp;<strong>15.37<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Noting that harmful interference signals with the characteristics of unnecessary transmissions, or the transmission of superfluous signals (commonly referred to as jamming) or the transmission of false or misleading signals (commonly referred to as spoofing) continued to be reported, the Board reiterated its grave concern that such transmissions were in direct contravention of RR No.&nbsp;<strong>15.1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board instructed the Bureau to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>urge the Administration of the Russian Federation to take all necessary actions to immediately cease harmful interference that adversely impacted on safety services and report to the 99<em>th<\/em> Board meeting;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>continue reporting on progress on the matter to future Board meetings.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board strongly urged all administrations concerned to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>comply with all the relevant provisions of Articles 45 and 47 of the ITU Constitution, RR Nos.&nbsp;<strong>4.10<\/strong>, <strong>15.1<\/strong>, <strong>15.28<\/strong> and <strong>15.37<\/strong> and the <em>resolves<\/em> of Resolution&nbsp;<strong>676 (WRC-23)<\/strong>, in particular when harmful interference adversely affected safety services.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>to cooperate in goodwill to solve the cases of harmful interference affecting safety services as promptly as possible.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-separation-bar\"><div style=\"background-color:#009ad7;height:1px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"tab-content wp-block-brblocks-tab\">\r\n    <h4 class=\"tab-title\" style=\"display:none\">97th RRB Meeting<\/h4>\r\n    \n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">97th RRB Meeting<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Issues regarding harmful interference to receivers in the radionavigation-satellite service<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board&nbsp;carefully considered Addendum 4 to Document RRB24-3\/4 and thanked the Bureau for the report on numerous cases of harmful interference affecting receivers in the radionavigation-satellite service (RNSS). The Board considered with appreciation the Bureau\u2019s proposed recommendations and decided to endorse those recommendations with modifications, as per the following:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The attention of the administrations concerned should be drawn to their obligations to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>acknowledge receipt of the Bureau\u2019s communications under No. 15.35 of the Radio Regulations;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>cooperate in the resolution of the case(s) in accordance with, but not limited to, the following provisions:<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Article 45 of the ITU Constitution: \u201cAll stations, whatever their purpose, must be established and operated in such a manner as not to cause harmful interference to the radio services or communications of other Member States.\u201d &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Article 47 of the ITU Constitution<em><strong>:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/em>\u201cMember States agree to take the steps required to prevent the transmission or circulation of false or deceptive distress, urgency, safety or identification signals, and to collaborate in locating and identifying stations under their jurisdiction transmitting such signals.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>No. 4.10 of the Radio Regulations: \u201cMember States recognize that the safety aspects of radionavigation and other safety services require special measures to ensure their freedom from harmful interference; it is necessary therefore to take this factor into account in the assignment and use of frequencies.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>No. 15.1 of the Radio Regulations: \u201cAll stations are forbidden to carry out unnecessary transmissions, or the transmission of superfluous signals, or the transmission of false or misleading signals, or the transmission of signals without identification.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>No. 15.28 of the Radio Regulations: \u201cRecognizing that transmissions on distress and safety frequencies and frequencies used for the safety and regularity of flight (see Article 31 and Appendix 27) require absolute international protection and that the elimination of harmful interference to such transmissions is imperative, administrations undertake to act immediately when their attention is drawn to any such harmful interference.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>No. 15.37 of the Radio Regulations: \u201cAn administration receiving a communication to the effect that one of its stations is causing harmful interference to a safety service shall promptly investigate the matter and take any necessary remedial action&nbsp;and respond in a timely manner.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Resolution 676 (WRC-23) on \u201cPrevention and mitigation of harmful interference to the radionavigation-satellite service in the frequency bands 1&nbsp;164&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;1&nbsp;215 MHz and 1&nbsp;559&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;1&nbsp;610 MHz\u201d; in particular,&nbsp;<em>resolves<\/em> 2 of Resolution 676 (WRC-23) should be understood in the context of the provisions of&nbsp;Articles 45, 47 and 48 of the ITU Constitution, and Article 15 of the Radio Regulations.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ol>\n<\/div><\/li>\n<\/div><\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board furthermore indicated that:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>when considering cases of harmful interference to systems in the RNSS, administrations were encouraged to implement the recommendations given in Circular Letter&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/md\/R00-CR-CIR-0488\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>CR\/488<\/strong><\/a>: \u201cPrevention of harmful interference to radionavigation-satellite service receivers in the 1&nbsp;559&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;1&nbsp;610&nbsp;MHz frequency band\u201d;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>administrations were urged to continue reporting cases of harmful interference affecting the RNSS to the Bureau, thus enabling the assessment of situations and subsequent actions and progress.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-separation-bar\"><div style=\"background-color:#009ad7;height:1px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board considered in detail Addendum 4 to Document RRB24-3\/4 and the submission from the Administration of Jordan, contained in Document RRB24-3\/17, and also noted Document RRB24-3\/DELAYED\/8 from the Administration of Israel for information. The Board thanked the Administration of Jordan for reporting cases of harmful interference in the band 1&nbsp;559\u20131&nbsp;610&nbsp;MHz to RNSS receivers originating from sources west of its borders and also thanked the Bureau for treating the cases of harmful interference and providing assistance to administrations reporting on the current status.&nbsp; The Board concluded as follows:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>While it expressed its appreciation for the response from the Administration of Israel indicating its willingness to cooperate and investigate any sources of harmful interference present under its jurisdiction, the Board also expressed concern over administrations\u2019 tardy acknowledgment of receipt of information reporting harmful interference present from stations under their jurisdiction; in compliance with RR No.&nbsp;15.35, such acknowledgements should be provided by the quickest means available.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Board noted that systems in the RNSS included radionavigation systems used by civil aviation, and that the reported harmful interference degraded those systems, but also telecommunication networks requiring precise time synchronization and other radio stations used for humanitarian assistance in the field, thus degrading safety services. The Board stressed the need to comply with RR No.&nbsp;4.10 in such situations.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Board further reminded administrations that, in compliance with RR No.&nbsp;15.37, when a communication was received that one of their stations was causing harmful interference to a safety service, prompt investigation of the matter was required and that any necessary remedial action needed to be taken and a response provided in a timely manner.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Noting that harmful interference signals had been reported with the characteristics of unnecessary transmissions, or the transmission of superfluous signals (commonly referred to as jamming) or the transmission of false or misleading signals (commonly referred to as spoofing), the Board expressed grave concern that such transmissions were in direct contravention of RR No.&nbsp;15.1.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Board also highlighted the need to comply with Articles 45 and 47 of the ITU Constitution and Resolution 676 (WRC-23) on the \u201cPrevention and mitigation of harmful interference to the radionavigation-satellite service in the frequency bands 1&nbsp;164\u20131&nbsp;215&nbsp;MHz and 1&nbsp;559&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;1&nbsp;610&nbsp;MHz&#8221;, and the relevance of Circular Letter&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/md\/R00-CR-CIR-0488\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CR\/488<\/a>, \u201cPrevention of harmful interference to radionavigation-satellite service receivers in the 1&nbsp;559&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;1&nbsp;610&nbsp;MHz frequency band\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board instructed the Bureau to invite the Administration of Israel to take all necessary actions to immediately cease harmful interference that adversely impacted on safety services and strongly urged the Administrations of Israel and Jordan to cooperate in goodwill in promptly resolving all cases of harmful interference. Furthermore, the Board urged the administrations concerned to comply with all the relevant provisions of Articles 45 and 47 of the ITU Constitution, RR Nos.&nbsp;4.10, 15.1, 15.28, 15.37 and the <em>resolves<\/em> of Resolution&nbsp;676 (WRC-23), in particular when harmful interference adversely affected safety services.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With reference to the request from the Administration of Jordan regarding the application of <em>resolves to instruct the Radio Regulations Board<\/em> 2 of Resolution 119 (Rev. Bucharest, 2022), the Board decided that its application was premature seeing that further actions would be taken by the administrations concerned.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-separation-bar\"><div style=\"background-color:#009ad7;height:1px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board further considered Addendum 4 to Document RRB24-3\/4, reporting on submissions from other administrations not covered in agenda item 6.1 regarding harmful interference affecting receivers in the RNSS, and also noted Documents RRB24-3\/DELAYED\/9 and RRB24-3\/DELAYED\/10 for information.&nbsp; The Board thanked the Bureau for treating the cases of harmful interference, aiding administrations, acting in a diligent manner and reporting on other cases of harmful interference to receivers in the RNSS received in 2024. In response:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Board noted with grave concern the increasing number of cases of harmful interference affecting safety services, civil aviation and maritime services, telecommunication networks requiring precise time synchronization and other radio stations used for humanitarian assistance in the field.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Board expressed considerable concern at the late acknowledgements of receipt of information reporting harmful interference present from stations under their jurisdictions; in compliance with RR No.&nbsp;15.35, such acknowledgements should be provided by the quickest means available.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Board stressed the need to comply with RR No.&nbsp;4.10 whenever harmful interference degraded systems of safety services in the RNSS.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Furthermore, the Board reminded administrations of the need for timely actions and responses whenever receiving a communication that one of their stations was causing harmful interference to a safety service, in compliance with RR No.&nbsp;15.37.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>The Board expressed grave concern about the reported unnecessary transmissions, transmissions of superfluous signals (jamming) and transmissions of false or misleading signals (spoofing), which were in direct contravention of RR No.&nbsp;15.1.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board recognized the Bureau\u2019s practice in the application of RR Article&nbsp;15 when treating cases of harmful interference and instructed the Bureau to prepare a preliminary draft rule of procedure formalizing that practice for the Board\u2019s consideration at its 98<em>th<\/em> meeting.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Board urged all administrations concerned to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>comply with all the relevant provisions of Articles 45 and 47 of the ITU Constitution, RR Nos.&nbsp;4.10, 15.1, 15.28, 15.37 and the <em>resolves<\/em> of Resolution&nbsp;676 (WRC-23), in particular when harmful interference adversely affected safety services;<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>to cooperate in goodwill to solve the cases of harmful interference affecting safety services as promptly as possible.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-separation-bar\"><div style=\"background-color:#009ad7;height:1px\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <section>\n        <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Relevant information<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18f8009d4deb7537578ea4516a13a252\">Regulations<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n    <section>\n        <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n                                                        <a class=\"ituCard anim\" data-span=\"4\" href=\"\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/74\/2025\/07\/ITU-CONSTITUTION-for-RRB.pdf\" target='blank' rel='noreferrer noopener'>\n                    <div class=\"content center\">\n                <div class=\"main\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/74\/2024\/04\/document.png\" class=\"icon\" alt=\"icon\" \/>\n                                            <p class=\"title\">ITU Constitution Relevant Provisions<\/p>\n                                                            <p>.pdf<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n    \n                                                        <a class=\"ituCard anim\" data-span=\"4\" href=\"\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/74\/2025\/07\/ITU-RR-for-RRB.pdf\" target='blank' rel='noreferrer noopener'>\n                    <div class=\"content center\">\n                <div class=\"main\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/74\/2025\/07\/RR.png\" class=\"icon\" alt=\"icon\" \/>\n                                            <p class=\"title\">ITU Radio Regulations Relevant Provisions<\/p>\n                                                            <p>.pdf<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n    \n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Multiple UN Agencies Call to Member States<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n    <section>\n        <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n                                                        <a class=\"ituCard anim\" data-span=\"4\" href=\"\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/74\/2025\/07\/Joint-Declaration-ITU-ICAO-IMO-on-RNSS1303_DBM.pdf\" target='blank' rel='noreferrer noopener'>\n                    <div class=\"content center\">\n                <div class=\"main\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/74\/2024\/04\/communication.png\" class=\"icon\" alt=\"icon\" \/>\n                                            <p class=\"title\">ITU-ICAO-IMO Joint Statement on Protecting RNSS<\/p>\n                                                            <p>.pdf<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n    \n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recommendations <\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n    <section>\n        <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n                                                        <a class=\"ituCard anim\" data-span=\"4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/md\/R00-CR-CIR-0488\/en\" target='blank' rel='noreferrer noopener'>\n                    <div class=\"content center\">\n                <div class=\"main\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/74\/2024\/04\/Invitations.png\" class=\"icon\" alt=\"icon\" \/>\n                                            <p class=\"title\">BR Circular Letter <\/p>\n                                                            <p>CR\/488<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n    \n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reporting<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n    <section>\n        <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n                                                        <a class=\"ituCard anim\" data-span=\"4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/en\/ITU-R\/space\/SIRRS\/Pages\/default.aspx\" target='blank' rel='noreferrer noopener'>\n                    <div class=\"content center\">\n                <div class=\"main\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/74\/2024\/04\/Spectrum-management.png\" class=\"icon\" alt=\"icon\" \/>\n                                            <p class=\"title\">Report a case and Request Assistance from BR<\/p>\n                                                            <p><\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n    \n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n        <div data-span=\"12\">\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-brblocks-code-editor\" data-selected-script=\"css\" data-code-content=\"\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Relevant information Regulations Multiple UN Agencies Call to Member States Recommendations Reporting<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"folder":[],"class_list":["post-126","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"gs-tiny":false,"xl":false,"xxl":false,"xxxl":false,"xxxxl":false,"xxxxxl":false,"gform-image-choice-sm":false,"gform-image-choice-md":false,"gform-image-choice-lg":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"mgaillard","author_link":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/harmful-interference-to-rnss\/author\/mgaillard\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Relevant information Regulations Multiple UN Agencies Call to Member States Recommendations 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