{"id":2,"date":"2020-11-19T09:29:27","date_gmt":"2020-11-19T09:29:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/?page_id=2"},"modified":"2026-04-09T10:41:30","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T10:41:30","slug":"sample-page","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/epfdsupport\/","title":{"rendered":"EPFD Support Page"},"content":{"rendered":"    <section class=\"ituBanner bg smallheight\">\n        <div class=\"bgContainer\">\n            <img src=https:\/\/www.itu.int\/epfdsupport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/site.png alt=\"Background decorative image\" \/>\n            <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n                <div class=\"content\" data-span=\"8\">\n                    <div class=\"main\">\n                        <h2 class=\"h1 white\"> EPFD examination support<\/h2>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"addInfo\"><\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n    <section>\n        <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n            <div class=\"introduction\" data-span=\"8\">\n                <p>\n                    Welcome to support page dedicated to Equivalent-Power Flux Density limits examination under Resolution <strong>85 <\/strong>(Rev. WRC-23).<br><br>For any inquiry relating to EPFD examination software you may contact Radiocommunication Bureau using support <a href=\"mailto: epfd-support@itu.int\">e-mail<\/a>.<br><br>Please also consult <strong>Frequently Asked Questions <\/strong>below for common questions and answers.<br><br>You may also use <strong>Questions &amp; Answers <\/strong>section to review\/post questions relating to Recommendation ITU-R S. 1503 specific topics or seek community support.                <\/p>\n                <p class=\"btnIntro\">\n                                    <\/p>\n            <\/div>\n                            <div data-span=\"4\">\n                    <div class=\"ituCard\" >\n                        <div class=\"content quickLinksItem\">\n                            <h2 class=\"h5\">Publications<\/h2>\n                                                                <p>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/ITU-R\/go\/space-epfd-data#gsc.tab=0\" class=\"quickLinkcolor\" >\n            The <strong>results<\/strong> of RR Article 22 EPFD limits examination and <strong>input data<\/strong> required for examination        <\/a>\n    <\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-pale-cyan-blue-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background is-style-wide\"\/>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:44px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n    <section>\n    <div class=\"text-section\">\n        <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n                                        <div class=\"text-section-left\" data-span=\"8\">\n                        <h3 class=\"h5\">\n        What&#8217;s new    <\/h3>\n                    <div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>April 2026 &#8211; Release of new versions of <strong>EPFD Prepare<\/strong> software v.1.6.6 and <strong>radians.vis<\/strong> v.1.0.2 (includes visibility statistics analysis).<br><\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>February 2026 &#8211; Release of new versions of <strong>EPFD Static<\/strong> software v.1.8.7<br><\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>September 2025 &#8211; Release of new versions of <strong>EPFD Static<\/strong> software v.1.8.5, EPFD Prepare v.1.6.4 and <strong>PFD MaskViewer v. 2.5.3<\/strong> (available from Resource page)<br><\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>March 2025 &#8211; Information is added on input data in SNS v10 format (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/epfdsupport\/required-data\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"219\">link<\/a>)<br><\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>January 2025 &#8211; Release of new version of EPFD Static software v.1.8.0 and PFD MaskViewer v. 2.5.1 (available from Resource page)<br><\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>July 2024 &#8211; Release of new version of EPFD Static software v.1.7.3 and EPFD Prepare v.1.5.9 (available from Resource page)<br><\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>June 2024 &#8211; Release of new version of EPFD Static software v.1.7.2 (available from Resource page)<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>            <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-pale-cyan-blue-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background is-style-wide\"\/>\n<\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"ituContainer grid\">\n        <div data-span=\"12\">\n                            <div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<div style=\"height:44px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>                            \n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:0px\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content\" style=\"text-align:center\">Got a question?<\/span><\/div>\n                            \n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading\" style=\"margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:10px\"><h2 class=\"wp-block-getwid-advanced-heading__content\" style=\"text-align:center\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2><\/div>\n                            \n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background-holder\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__background\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__foreground\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__content\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-section__inner-content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion has-icon-left\" data-active-element=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"><strong>Common questions relating to Article 22 limits validation<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion\" data-active-element=\"0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">What are the equivalent power-flux density limits in Article 22<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>EPFD limits in Article <strong>22 <\/strong>of the Radio Regualtions were established to enable protection of geostationary satellite networks (GSO) in Fixed-Satellite and Broadcasting-Satellite services from potential interference from non-geostationary satellite systems using different types orbits (LEO, MEO, HEO) operating in the same frequency bands in Fixed-Satellite service (non-GSO FSS).<br>These limits also referred to as hard limits enable non-GSO FSS systems to share frequencies with and protect GSO systems without requiring individual coordination with every GSO network worldwide.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">Why these limits are defined using Equivalent Power Flux Density as opposed to Power-Flux Density used to protect terrestrial services in Article 21<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Equivalent power-flux density (EPFD) takes into account the aggregate of the emissions from all non-GSO satellites in the direction of any GSO earth station, taking into account the GSO antenna directivity.<br><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>That is, when an antenna receives power, within its reference bandwidth, simultaneously from transmitters at various distances, in various directions and at various levels of incident pfd, the epfd is equivalent to the pfd which, if received from a single transmitter in the far field of the antenna in the direction of maximum gain, would produce the same power at the input of the receiver as is actually received from the aggregate of the various transmitters. This concept allows very limited knowledge of parameters of receiving systems. In fact, only reference antenna pattern, antenna size and associated maximum antenna gain are needed to characterize interference for the specific class of receiving system, i.e. Article 22 contains limit masks for a number receiving earth station configurations including antenna size ranging from 30 cm to 5 metres and up to 15 metres for the special case in the band 3 700-4 200 MHz.<br><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Moreover, EPFD limits in Article 22 consider radiation of a non-GSO space system as a whole as compared to power-flux density limits (PFD) in Article 21 where PFD-level is calculated from a single space station and compared with an applicable limit.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"> Why do I need EPFD examination software to verify compliance with the Article 22 limits<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Most of the non-GSO FSS systems have a large number of the satellites ranging from tens to several thousands. Even within one single satellite system several satellites could transmit simultaneously to one particular geographical area. This situation leads to a requirement to consider in calculating interference from non-GSO network to other fixed station on Earth or GSO that:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>We do not have any information in advance on the location of the interfering stations<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Due to the constant movement of the interfering source in relation to a fixed receiving station, the statistical properties of the interference should be considered<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>There could be several interfering stations transmitting simultaneously thus increasing the aggregate interference level.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>These factors require complex calculation methodology. Moreover, such methodology should be agreed by everyone to provide the confidence in the results.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>This methodology is developed within Recommendation ITU-R S.1503. EPFD examination software implements this methodology.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"> How should I know if a system is subject to Article 22 limits<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>A non-GSO system is subject to Article 22 limits if:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>It has the Earth as a reference body (e.g. orbiting Earth)<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>It is to be operated in Fixed-Satellite service or associated space-operation functions in any of the frequency bands 3 700 \u2013 4 200 MHz (space-to-Earth), 10.7-12.75 GHz (space-to-Earth), 17.8-18.6 GHz (space-to-Earth), 19.7-20.2 GHz (space-to-Earth), 5 925-6 725 MHz (Earth-to-space), 12.5-13.25 GHz (Earth-to-space), 13.75-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space), 17.3-18.1 GHz (Earth-to-space), 27.5-28.6 GHz (Earth-to-space), 29.5-30 GHz (Earth-to-space).<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"> What is Recommendation ITU-R S.1503<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Recommendation ITU-R S. 1503 provides a functional description of the software for use by the Radiocommunication Bureau of ITU to conduct examination of non-GSO FSS system submissions for their compliance with the \u201cvalidation\u201d limits specified in the Radio Regulations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>This recommendation contains detailed description of the input for calculating epfd limits and coordination triggers contained in Article 22 and Appendix 5 of the Radio Regulations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Currently, there are 3 revisions of this Recommendation (S.1503-1, S.1503-2, S.1503-3).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Existing EPFD validation software implements Revision 2 of this Recommendation.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">Why EPFD limits for non-geostationary satellite systems are applied only for limited frequency bands?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>EPFD limits have been established by WRCs based on the systems under development at the Conference for the concerned bands.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">How to ensure protection of GSO from non-GSO for frequency bands not subject to EPFD limits?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>In the frequency bands were no EPFD limits exists consultation process or coordination should be effected between GSO and non-GSO in application of Section I or Section II of Article 9 depending on the case. With respect to FSS and BSS GSO.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">Are EPFD limits in Article 22 applied to single non-GSO satellite or to single non-GSO constellation?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>EPFD limits in article 22 are applied to a non-GSO system which may contain a single satellite or many satellites forming constellation.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">How to initiate coordination for BSS feeder-link (receiving satellite station) with respect to non-GSO downlink in the band 17.7-17.8 GHz, in which no EPFD (inter satellite) limit is provided in RR Article 22?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Administration can initiate coordination discussion whenever API or CR\/C depending on the case is published. No. <strong>22.2<\/strong> applies between FSS\/BSS GSO and non-GSO.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">Under RR No. <strong>9.3<\/strong> procedures, non-GSO systems can be registered in MIFR without any agreement from other administrations, together with international recognition. However, in some frequency assignments, RR No. <strong>22.2<\/strong> shall apply to NGSO systems to protect GSO networks to avoid unacceptable interference.&nbsp; Is it a contradiction to international recognition?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>There is no contradiction. The right of administration is conditioned by the provisions of the RR and the status of its assignment is derived from the application of the procedure in the RR No. <strong>22.2<\/strong> is an additional measure to provide protection to GSO. <br>RR No. <strong>22.2<\/strong> deals with unacceptable level of interference. Such a level is subject to an agreement between the administrations concerned. Since the level of unacceptable interference is unknown to the Bureau, the Bureau is not dealing with its verification. However, there are cases of operational EPFD limits in Article 22 which indicate conditions of compliance with No.<strong>22.2<\/strong> (see No. <strong>22.5I<\/strong>), but this is verified by administrations concerned at operational stage of non-GSO.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">Our submission of non-GSO satellite system has previously received unfavourable finding. How can we ensure that EPFD levels produced by non-GSO will comply with EPFD limits?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>When submitting the data required for Article 22 EPFD-limits validation to ITU it is important to:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<ol style=\"list-style-type:1\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Make sure the data is complete and all required elements are present.<\/li>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<li>Data is validated before submission to ITU. Please use EPFD-T validation software and make sure that all results are \u2018PASS\u2019.<\/li>\n<\/div><\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>In case you need any assistance please don\u2019t hesitate to contact BR<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">Our Coordination Request has received unfavorable findings for some frequency assignments because the Bureau has found that Article 22 EPFD limits are exceeded. Could we submit a new pfd\/eirp masks database for those frequency assignments to get a favorable finding, and preserve the date of protection, if the finding is favorable? <\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>These assignments exceeding the EPFD limits has unfavorable findings in CR\/C, there is no date of protection for them anymore.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>In order to correct the findings, you will need to submit new CR\/C Modification with new data for EPFD examination, however, these new assignments will have a new date of receipt.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"><strong><strong>Non-GSO data required for Article 22 examination<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion\" data-active-element=\"0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">We have previously submitted non-GSO system to ITU in Earth-Observation Satellite Service. Now we are submitting a non-GSO system subject to Article 22 EPFD-limits and we have been told to provide additional information. Why is it needed?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Radio Regulations Appendix 4 contains the list of mandatory data elements required for submission of information (either for advance publication, for coordination or for notification). In case a reference is made in Appendix 4 that a data element is required in case the space station is subject to provisions of Article 22 (Nos. 22.5C, 22.5D, 22.5F), such data element is mandatory for submission.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>These additional data elements will be used in EPFD validation software to define non-GSO operating scenario. Because of the complex configurations of different non-GSO constellations it is difficult to simulate exact traffic configurations and transmitting parameters of the systems without providing excessive number of additional information. For that purpose, Recommendation ITU-R S.1503-2 establishes a concept of a mask for pfd\/e.i.r.p. produced by interfering non-GSO network stations. The mask would account for all the features of specific non-GSO systems arrangements.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">What are pfd\/eirp masks and how to create them?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>PFD masks define an envelope of the power radiated by the non\u2011GSO space stations taking into account different beam steering and\/or switching strategy, power control due to specific service latitude or decrease sidelobe radiation towards any potential GSO victim receiver communicating with GSO space station located anywhere on GSO visible arc.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Similarly, EIRP-mask define an envelope of radiation of non-GSO earth station which would basically correspond to earth station antenna pattern and transmitted power which may be changing with the latitude of earth station.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>There is also an additional type of EIRP-mask defining an envelope of transmission from non-GSO space station towards GSO-arc which required in the frequency bands where potential victim GSO link may operate in Earth-to-space direction (such as 17.8-18.4 GHz where non-GSO and GSO links may operate in opposite direction).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>These masks may contain very large amount of data. In order for administrations to submit the mask data electronically and for the EPFD software tool to use the submitted data directly the Bureau has developed an XML-format for the pfd and e.i.r.p. masks (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/en\/ITU-R\/space\/Pages\/XMLmaskDataFile.aspx\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/en\/ITU-R\/space\/Pages\/XMLmaskDataFile.aspx\">link<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Recommendation ITU-R S. 1503 (Part C) provides details on procedure to create these masks.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>These masks may contain very large amount of data. In order for administrations to submit the mask data electronically and for the EPFD software tool to use the submitted data directly the Bureau has developed an XML-format for the pfd and e.i.r.p. masks.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>It should be noted that EPFD validation software does not contain functionality to create these masks. It is a sole responsibility of a notifying administration to create masks. Administration may use its own proprietary software (such as interference simulation software) to create masks.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">Is it possible to provide different pfd (or e.i.r.p.) masks for the same orbital planes (or satellites) in the same frequency band to reflect different mode of operation of the system?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>No, only one pfd (or e.i.r.p.) mask shall be provided for specific orbital plane(s) (or satellites) per frequency band.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>In accordance with No. <strong>22.5C<\/strong> and No.<strong> 22.5D<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>&nbsp;&#8211; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a single EIRP mask shall be provided for a frequency range considering the emissions from all earth stations (various antenna sizes, antenna patterns, tracking strategies, etc.) and<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>&#8211; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a single PFD mask shall be provided defining maximum power flux-density generated by any space station for all conditions and for all methods of modulation. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>Multiple EIRP and\/or PFD masks for the same frequency range are receivable only if they apply to different orbital configurations or different satellite orbits and satellites.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\"><strong><strong>EPFD Validation Software<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion\" data-active-element=\"0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">What is EPFD Validation Software<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>The current EPFD validation software is based on Recommendation ITU-R S.1503-2.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>The methodology is complex and in order to increase the confidence in any software tool, the Bureau felt that at least two independent implementations of Recommendation ITU-R S.1503 would be necessary. Accordingly, two commercial software development companies have developed EPFD tools for checking compliance under Article 22 or coordination requirements under 9.7A and 9.7B (EPFD-A and EPFD-T). <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>In 2016 the Bureau finalized the software tools in accordance with Recommendation ITU-R S.1503-2.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-wrapper\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header\"><a href=\"#\"><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__header-title\">I have a problem running EPFD Validation Software. I have prepared all input databases according to instructions, but EPFD Validation Software fails to complete the calculation or error is produced. What should I do?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-active\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__icon is-passive\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion__content\"><div class=\"ituContainer\">\n<p>You may send to BR input data used for running EPFD Validation Software to identify the problem. <br>Please note that such information will not be used to establish or affect the regulatory findings for any particular system, nor it will be published or shared with any third party. It will be solely used to troubleshoot the software and will be treated as such. <br>Please reach us through <a href=\"mailto:epfd-support@itu.int\">epfd-support@itu.int<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n                            \n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-accordion\" data-active-element=\"0\"><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/epfdsupport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/epfdsupport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/epfdsupport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/epfdsupport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/epfdsupport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/epfdsupport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itu.int\/epfdsupport\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}