CONTENTS

 1     Scope
 2     Normative references
 3     Abbreviations
 4     Definitions
        4.1     Private network
        4.2     Public network
        4.3     Network elements
        4.4     Types of traffic
        4.5     Access to the public network
                  4.5.1     Digital access at the local exchange
                  4.5.2     Digital access at higher hierarchies (e.g. transit exchange)
                  4.5.3     Virtual Private Networks (VPN)
        4.6     Access to other private networks
 5     Reference configurations
 6     Basic planning principles
        6.1     The equipment impairment factor method
                  6.1.1     The total impairment value, Itot
        6.2     The E-Model
                  6.2.1     Calculation of the transmission rating factor, R
                  6.2.2     The basic signal-to-noise ratio, Ro
                  6.2.3     The simultaneous impairment factor, Is
                  6.2.4     The delay impairment factor, Id
                  6.2.5     The equipment impairment factor, Ie
                  6.2.6     The advantage factor, A
                  6.2.7     Quality measures derived from the transmission rating factor, R
 7     Planning method and limits
        7.1     Planning method
        7.2     Main parameters
        7.3     Quality expectation and absolute upper planning limits
        7.4     Use of the E-Model
                  7.4.1     Input parameters
                  7.4.2     Performing the calculation
                  7.4.3     Default values
 8     Implementation of echo cancellers
Appendix I – Bibliography