CONTENTS

 1     Scope 
 2     References 
 3     Terms and definitions       
 4     Abbreviations   
 5     Test signals
 6     Characteristics of echo cancellers 
        6.1     General  
        6.2     Purpose, operation and environment           
        6.3     External enabling/disabling  
        6.4     Tests and requirements for performance with input signals applied to the send and receive paths    
 7     Characteristics of an echo canceller tone disabler  
        7.1     General  
        7.2     Detector characteristics      
        7.3     Guardband characteristics  
        7.4     Holding-band characteristics          
        7.5     Operate time         
        7.6     False operation due to speech currents       
        7.7     False operation due to data signals 
        7.8     Release time          
        7.9     Other considerations          
 8     NLPs for use in echo cancellers   
        8.1     Scope    
        8.2     General principles and guidelines    
Annex A – Description of an echo canceller reference tone disabler    
Annex B – Description of a reference NLP    
        B.1     General  
        B.2     Suppression threshold (TSUP)         
        B.3     Static characteristics of activation control   
        B.4     Dynamic characteristics of activation control          
        B.5     Frequency limits of control paths    
        B.6     Testing   
Annex C – Composite source signals for testing of speech echo cancellers – Signal, description and analysis    
        C.1     Introduction          
        C.2     Composite source signal – General considerations 
        C.3     Bandlimited composite source signal with speech like power density spectrum – Practical realization for measurements of echo cancellers    
        C.4     Appropriate analyses to determine convergence characteristics of speech echo cancellers using the composite source signal    
Annex D – Echo-path models for testing of speech echo cancellers    
        D.1     Introduction          
        D.2     Echo path models from network hybrid simulator   
        D.3     Echo path models measured from telephone networks in North America    
        D.4     Echo path models measured from telephone networks in Europe    
Appendix I – Guidance for application of echo cancellers    
        I.1        Scope   
        I.2        Echo control in the PSTN
        I.3        Application rules and operational constraints         
        I.4        Effect of cancellers on voice and data services      
        I.5        High-level speech 
        I.6        Network and service evolutionary considerations  
        I.7        Considerations regarding echo canceller performance during double talk   
        I.8        Bibliography        
Appendix II – Measurement methods for characteristics of echo paths    
       II.1     Introduction           
       II.2     Measurement procedure     
       II.3     Analysis of echo-path characteristics           
       II.4     Examples of echo path measurements from real networks    
       II.5     Conclusions           
       II.6     Bibliography           
Appendix III – Multiple tail circuits    
Appendix IV – Guidelines on the use of parameters for testing echo cancellers    
Appendix V – List of low speed modems for optional use with Test No. 14