This Recommendation provides some reference architectures for existing and future public land mobile telecommunication networks (PLMN) and also provides a high level reference connection for Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems (FPLMTS) call/connection setup. The primary purpose of the reference connection is to provide a basis for developing traffic Grade of Service (GOS) Recommendations for networks supporting mobile services. The underlying FPLMTS call flow model in the reference connection should be used as a basis for more implementation-specific configurations for detailed performance analysis and GOS target setting.