CONTENTS

Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR)
Annex 1  Operational characteristics of a VHF data exchange system  in the VHF maritime mobile band
 1     General
 2     VHF data exchange system functions and frequency usage
        2.1     VHF data exchange system channel usage in accordance with RR Appendix 18
                  2.1.1     VHF data exchange system: data exchange between terrestrial stations
                  2.1.2     VHF data exchange system: data exchange between satellites and terrestrial stations
                  2.1.3     Technical characteristics
 3     Common Elements of the VDES
        3.1     Identification
        3.2     Protocol layer overview
                  3.2.1     Transport layer
                  3.2.2     Network layer
                  3.2.3     Link layer
                  3.2.4     Physical layer
        3.3     Frame Structure
        3.4     Presentation interface protocol
        3.5     Forward Error Correction
                  3.5.1     Encoder Structure
                  3.5.2     Constituent codes
                  3.5.3     Interleaver definition
                  3.5.4     Rate Adaptation
        3.6     CRC
        3.7     Antenna configurations for VDES ship stations
                  3.7.1     Antenna Gain
                  3.7.2     Received signal to noise plus interference level
        3.8     Ship e.i.r.p. vs. elevation angle
        3.9     Transmitter requirements for VDES ship stations
                  3.9.1     Transmitter power
       3.10     Shutdown procedure
       3.11     Safety precautions
 4     Functions of the VDES
        4.1     Automatic Identification System
        4.2     Application-Specific Messages – Annex 2
        4.3     VDE terrestrial – Annex 3
        4.4     VDE satellite downlink – Annex 4
        4.5     VDE satellite uplink – Annex 5
        4.6     VDES sharing options – Annex 6
        4.7     VDES original design considerations – Annex 7
Annex 2  Technical characteristics of the Application Specific Message (ASM) channels for the VDES in the VHF maritime mobile band
 1     Structure of the application specific messages
        1.1     Specific responsibilities of the OSI layers as defined in Annex 1 for preparing ASM data for transmission
                  1.1.1     Physical layer
                  1.1.2     Link layer
                  1.1.3     Network layer
                  1.1.4     Transport layer
 2     Physical layer
        2.1     Parameters
                  2.1.1     General
                  2.1.2     Transmission media
                  2.1.3     Multi-channel operation
        2.2     Transceiver characteristics
        2.3     Modulation scheme
                  2.3.1     π/4 Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (π/4 QPSK)
                  2.3.2     Frequency stability
        2.4     Data transmission bit rate
        2.5     Training sequence
        2.6     Signal information
        2.7     Data encoding
        2.8     Forward error correction
        2.9     Transmitter transient response
                  2.9.1     Switching time
       2.10     Transmitter power
 3     Link layer
        3.1     Sub-layer 1 – medium access control
                  3.1.1     TDMA synchronization
                  3.1.2     Time division
                  3.1.3     Slot phase and frame synchronization
                  3.1.4     Slot identification
                  3.1.5     Slot access
                  3.1.6     Slot state
        3.2     Sub layer 2 – data link service
                  3.2.1     Data link activation and release
                  3.2.2     Data transfer
                  3.2.3     Error detection and control
                  3.2.4     Forward Error correction
        3.3     Sub layer 3 – link management entity
                  3.3.1     Access to the data link
                  3.3.2     Modes of operation
                  3.3.3     Initialization
                  3.3.4     Channel access schemes
                  3.3.5     Message structure
 4     Network layer
 5     Transport layer
        5.1     Definition of transmission packet
        5.2     Transmission packets
                  5.2.1     Addressed Messages
                  5.2.2     Broadcast messages
                  5.2.3     Conversion to presentation interface messages
                  5.2.4     Conversion of data into transmission packets
        5.3     Presentation interface protocol
 6     Satellite uplink message
        6.1     Packet bit structure for satellite uplink message
        6.2     Transmitting the satellite uplink broadcast message
Annex 3  Technical characteristics of VDE-terrestrial  in the maritime mobile band
 1     Introduction
 2     OSI layer
 3     Physical layer
        3.1     Range
        3.2     Transmitter Parameter settings
        3.3     Antenna
        3.4     Modulation
                  3.4.1     Waveforms
                  3.4.2     Bit Mapping
        3.5     Sensitivity and Interference
        3.6     Symbol timing accuracy
        3.7     Transmitter timing jitter
        3.8     Slot transmission accuracy at the output
        3.9     Slot structure
                  3.9.1     Ramp up
                  3.9.2     Training sequence
                  3.9.3     Signal information
                  3.9.4     Bit mapping for training sequence and signal information
                  3.9.5     Data with CRC-32
                  3.9.6     Forward error correction
                  3.9.7     Bit scrambling
                  3.9.8     Buffer
 4     Link layer
        4.1     Access Schemes
        4.2     Data encapsulation
        4.3     Cyclic redundancy check
        4.4     Automatic repeat request (ARQ)
        4.5     Acknowledgement (ACK)
        4.6     End delivery notification (EDN)
        4.7     End delivery failure (EDF)
        4.8     Frame hierarchy
        4.9     Channel resource and media access control for VDE terrestrial
                  4.9.1     Simplex modes
                  4.9.2     Duplex modes
       4.10     Physical and logical channels
       4.11     Physical channels
       4.12     Logical channels
                  4.12.1     Terrestrial bulletin board (TBB) signalling channel
                  4.12.2     Announcement signalling channel (ASC)
                  4.12.3     Multicast data channel (MDC)
                  4.12.4     Unicast data channel (UDC)
                  4.12.5     Random access channel (RAC)
 5     Network layer
        5.1     Terrestrial data transfer protocols
 6     Transport layer
Annex 4  Technical characteristics of VDE satellite downlink  in the VHF maritime mobile band
 1     Introduction
 2     VDE-SAT downlink physical layer
        2.1     VDE-SAT downlink key parameters
                  2.1.1     Satellite to surface distance range
                  2.1.2     Carrier frequency error
                  2.1.3     Downlink link budget analyses
                  2.1.4     Satellite downlink e.i.r.p.
                  2.1.5     Satellite e.i.r.p. vs. elevation
                  2.1.6     Protection of the radio astronomy service in the 150.05-153 MHz band
                  2.1.7     Receive antenna gain
                  2.1.8     Received signal to noise plus interference level
                  2.1.9     Link C/(N0+I0)
                  2.1.10     Propagation effects
        2.2     Physical layer modulation schemes
        2.3     Baseband shaping and quadrature modulation
        2.4     Transmission accuracy figures
                  2.4.1     Symbol timing accuracy (at the output of satellite)
                  2.4.2     Transmitter timing jitter
                  2.4.3     Slot transmission accuracy at the satellite output
        2.5     Half duplex and full duplex satellites
        2.6     Frame hierarchy
                  2.6.1     Guard time and ramp up
                  2.6.2     Synchronization pilot
                  2.6.3     Synchronization (SYNC) word
                  2.6.4     Direct sequence spreading
                  2.6.5     PL-Frame header
                  2.6.6     Data segment forward error correction coding
                  2.6.7     Data segments
                  2.6.8     Physical layer scrambling
                  2.6.9     Channel interleaver
                  2.6.10     Ramp down
                  2.6.11     Guard time
        2.7     VDE-SAT downlink PL-Frame formats
                  2.7.1     PL-Frame format 1
                  2.7.2     PL-Frame format 2
                  2.7.3      PL-Frame format 3
 3     VDE-SAT link layer
        3.1     Data encapsulation
        3.2     Cyclic redundancy check
        3.3     Automatic repeat request (ARQ)
        3.4     Acknowledgement (ACK)
        3.5     End delivery notification (EDN)
        3.6     End delivery failure (EDF)
        3.7     Physical and logical channels
                  3.7.1     Physical channels
                  3.7.2     Logical channels
        3.8     Signalling logical channels
                  3.8.1     Bulletin board signalling channel
                  3.8.2     Announcement signalling channel (ASC)
                  3.8.3     Multicast data channel (MDC)
                  3.8.4     Unicast data channel (UDC)
 4     Network layer
        4.1     Downlink data transfer protocols
 5     Transport layer
        5.1     End to end protocols
        5.2     Ship, gateway and device physical addressing
        5.3     Shore addressing of ships, gateways and devices
Annex 5  Technical characteristics of VDE satellite uplink  in the VHF maritime mobile band
 1     Introduction
 2     VDE-SAT uplink physical layer
        2.1     VDE-SAT uplink key parameters
                  2.1.1     Satellite to surface distance range
                  2.1.2     Transmitter requirements for mobile station
                  2.1.3     Mobile station transmit antenna gain
                  2.1.4     Link budget analysis
                  2.1.5     Ship e.i.r.p. vs. elevation angle
                  2.1.6     Satellite antenna gain
                  2.1.7     Satellite system noise temperature
                  2.1.8     Uplink C/N0
                  2.1.9     Propagation effects
        2.2     Physical layer modulation schemes
                  2.2.1     Spread spectrum with constant envelope
        2.3     Baseband shaping and quadrature modulation
        2.4     Transmission timing accuracy
                  2.4.1     Symbol timing accuracy (at the output of satellite)
                  2.4.2     Transmitter timing jitter
                  2.4.3     Slot transmission accuracy at the satellite output
        2.5     Half duplex and full duplex satellites
        2.6     Frame hierarchy
                  2.6.1     Uplink physical layer frame (PL-Frame)
                  2.6.2     Burst structure
                  2.6.3     Guard time and ramp up
                  2.6.4     Preamble
                  2.6.5     Synchronization pilot
                  2.6.6     Synchronization (SYNC) unique word
                  2.6.7     PL-Frame header
                  2.6.8     Direct sequence spreading
                  2.6.9     Data segment forward error correction coding
                  2.6.10     Data segments
                  2.6.11     Physical layer scrambling
                  2.6.12     Channel interleaver
                  2.6.13     Ramp down
                  2.6.14     Guard time
        2.7     VDE-SAT uplink PL-Frame formats
                  2.7.1     VDE-SAT Uplink PL-Frame format 1
                  2.7.2     VDE-SAT uplink PL-Frame format 2
                  2.7.3     VDE-SAT uplink PL-Frame format 3
                  2.7.4     VDE-SAT uplink PL-Frame format 4
                  2.7.5     VDE-SAT uplink PL-Frame format 5
 3     VDE-SAT link layer
        3.1     Data encapsulation
        3.2     Cyclic redundancy check
        3.3     Automatic repeat request (ARQ)
        3.4     Acknowledgement (ACK)
        3.5     End delivery notification (EDN)
        3.6     End delivery failure (EDF)
        3.7     Physical and logical channels
        3.8     Physical channels
                  3.8.1     Logical channels
        3.9     Signalling logical channels
                  3.9.1     Random access resource request (RQSC)
                  3.9.2     Announcement response channel (ARSC)
                  3.9.3     Acknowledgement (ACK)
                  3.9.4     Automatic repeat request signalling channel (ARQSC)
       3.10     Data logical channels
                  3.10.1     Random access short messaging channel (RADC)
                  3.10.2     Assigned data transfer channel (ADDC)
 4     Network layer
        4.1     Uplink data transfer protocols
 5     Transport layer
Annex 6  Resource sharing method for VDES Terrestrial and Satellite Services
 1     Introduction
 2     VDES resource sharing principles
        2.1     Common frequency-time frame structure
        2.2     AIS priority
        2.3     Coordination with ASM
        2.4     Shore station VDES control area
        2.5     VDE-SAT resource assignment
 3     Frame hierarchy definition
        3.1     Time slot
        3.2     Hexslot
        3.3     Timeslot numbering
        3.4     Uberslot
        3.5     Sub frame
 4     VDE terrestrial and VDE-SAT downlink resource sharing
        4.1     Initial resource sharing configuration
 5     Sharing between different VDE satellite systems
 6     VDE-1A terrestrial and VDE-SAT uplink resource sharing
Annex 7  Original design considerations to validate the VDES concept
 1     Introduction
 2     Summary of operational capability and performance
 3     Technical considerations for VHF data exchange system access schemes
 4     Time division multiple access scheme for the VHF date exchange terrestrial service
        4.1     Time division multiple access schemes
                  4.1.1     Time division multiple access scheme for the VHF data exchange system application specific message channels
                  4.1.2     Time division multiple access scheme for the VHF data exchange system ship-to-shore link
                  4.1.3     Time division multiple access scheme for the VHF data exchange system ship-to-ship link
                  4.1.4     Time division multiple access scheme for the VHF data exchange system shore‑to‑ship link
        4.2     Sharing options for the VHF data exchange terrestrial and VHF data exchange satellite services
                  4.2.1     VHF data exchange terrestrial links on the upper legs (VDE1-B) and VHF data exchange satellite downlink
                  4.2.2     VHF data exchange terrestrial (VDE1-A) and VHF data exchange satellite uplink
 5     VHF data exchange – terrestrial
        5.1     Waveforms for VHF data exchange
                  5.1.1     Transmission waveforms for VHF data exchange terrestrial links
                  5.1.2     Transmission waveform for the 25 kHz application specific message channels
                  5.1.3     Transmission waveform for the 100 kHz VHF data exchange channels
        5.2     Antenna options for VHF data exchange system terrestrial stations
 6     VHF data exchange by satellite
        6.1     General
                  6.1.1     VHF data exchange system satellite component
                  6.1.2     Applications
        6.2     Overall architecture, operational characteristics and assumptions
                  6.2.1     Architecture
                  6.2.2     Operational characteristics
        6.3     Technical characteristics
                  6.3.1     VHF data exchange-satellite channels and spectrum
                  6.3.2     Rationale of channel allocation for VHF data exchange-satellite
        6.4     Example VHF data exchange system satellite implementation
                  6.4.1     Determine the VHF data exchange system satellite orbital characteristics
                  6.4.2     VHF data exchange system satellite antenna and downlink characteristics
 7     Propagation range predictions for VHF data exchange system terrestrial links
        7.1     Introduction
                  7.1.1     Ship-to-shore application
                  7.1.2     Shore-to-ship application
 8     Example of VHF data exchange satellite downlink implementation and analysis
        8.1     Introduction
        8.2     VHF data exchange satellite orbital characteristics
                  8.2.1     VHF data exchange satellite downlink characteristics
                  8.2.2     VHF data exchange satellite receiver characteristics
                  8.2.3     “Ideal” receiving antenna
                  8.2.4     Realistic receiving antenna
                  8.2.5     Waveform choice