Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR)
Annex 1 Technical and operational aspects of ground-based
meteorological radars
1 Introduction
2 Overview
2.1 Radar equation for single target
2.2 Meteorological radar equation
3 General meteorological radars principles
3.1 Example of meteorological radar
operation in the 2.8 GHz band
3.1.1 Precipitation
estimation
3.1.2 Precipitation measurements
principle
3.2 Wind measurements principle
3.3 Example of meteorological radar
operation in the 8.5-10.5 GHz band
4 Comparison of meteorological radars to
other radars
4.1 Specificities with regards to
protection criteria
4.2 Specificities with regards to
emission schemes and scanning strategies
4.3 Specificities related to noise
calibration
5 Operational modes for meteorological
radar
5.1 Clear air mode
5.2 Precipitation mode
6 Met radar data products
6.1 Conventional meteorological
radar base data products
6.1.1 Base reflectivity
6.1.2 Mean radial velocity
6.1.3 Spectrum width
6.2 Dual polarization meteorological
radar products
6.2.1 Differential
reflectivity
6.2.2 Correlation
coefficient
6.2.3 Linear
depolarization ratio
6.2.4 Specific
differential phase
6.3 Derived data products
7 Antenna pattern and antenna dynamics
7.1 Volume scan antenna movement
7.2 Other antenna movement
strategies
7.3 Antenna patterns
8 Effects of interference and solar noise
on meteorological radars
8.1 Impact of interference on modes
of operation
8.2 Impact of interference upon base
products
8.3 Mathematical derivation of
meteorological radar protection criteria
8.4 Types of possible interference
8.4.1 Impact of a constant
interference
8.4.2 Impact of pulsed
interference
8.5 Conclusions on meteorological
radars protection criteria
9 Impact of wind turbines
9.1 Masking
9.2 Clutter
9.3 Backscattered energy from
turbulent eddies
9.4 Examples of wind turbine
clutter
9.5 Impact of WTC on meteorological
radar operations and forecasting accuracy
10 Previous tests of meteorological radar
systems
11 Future tests
12 Propagation models
13 Future trends
14 Conclusion
Annex 2 Characteristics of meteorological radars
1 Meteorological radars in the 2 700-2
900 MHz band
2 Meteorological radars in the 5 250-5
725 MHz band
3 Meteorological radars in the
9 300-9 500 MHz band