RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.1386-1 - LF and MF transmitting antennas characteristics and diagrams* ANNEX 1 - CONTENTS PART 1 - LF AND MF TRANSMITTING ANTENNA CHARACTERISTICS AND DIAGRAMS 1 Introduction 2 Radiation patterns and gain calculation 2.1 General considerations 2.2 Radiation patterns 2.3 Directivity and gain 2.4 Effect of the ground 2.5 Antenna designation 3 LF-MF antenna systems 3.1 General considerations 3.2 Radiating element cross-section 3.3 Frequency of operation 3.4 Earth system and ground characteristics 3.5 Omnidirectional antenna types 3.6 Directional antennas 3.7 Other types of antennas 4 Calculation of radiation patterns and gain 4.1 General considerations 4.2 Currently available analytical approaches References ANNEX 1 TO PART 1 - The calculation procedure 1 Main objectives 2 Main constraints 3 Comparative analysis of available approaches 4 The numerical method 5 The calculation algorithm 6 Basic assumptions References Bibliography PART 2 - PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF LF AND MF TRANSMITTING ANTENNAS 1 Introduction 2 Measurements of antenna radiation patterns 2.1 Methods of measurement 2.2 Measurement equipment 2.3 Measurement procedures 2.4 Processing the measured data 3 Comparison of theoretical and measured radiation patterns 3.1 Far field 3.2 Variations in practical antenna performance