CONTENTS

Report ITU-R S.2546-0
Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR)
 1     Scope
 2     Introduction
 3     Functional descriptions of an earth station and earth station characteristics
        3.1     Overview of an earth station
        3.2     High gain and low noise as design objectives of an earth station
        3.3     Figure of merit of the earth station and earth station noise temperature
                  3.3.1     Computing the G/T ratio for an earth station
                  3.3.2     Contributors to earth station noise temperature
                  3.3.3     Sample values of earth station temperature and figure of merit
        3.4     Low noise amplifier and its intended operating point
                  3.4.1     Basic block diagrams
                  3.4.2     Linear region as a target operating point for the LNA/LNB
                  3.4.3     Amplifier desensitization and blocking
        3.5     Wideband operation as a design objective of an earth station
 4     Description of the mechanisms involved in interference into the FSS earth station
        4.1     Co-frequency scenario: IMT and FSS sharing the same frequency band 3.4‑3.6 GHz
        4.2     Adjacent band scenario example: IMT operating in 3.4-3.5 GHz and FSS in 3.5‑3.6 GHz with a standard LNB response starting at 3.4 GHz
                  4.2.1     Impact of IMT emissions in the frequency band 3.4-3.5 GHz falling within the FSS LNB response
                  4.2.2     Unwanted emissions falling within the operating frequency band 3 500-3 600 MHz of the FSS
        4.3     Overview of applicable ITU-R sharing study results
        4.4     Summary of impact to FSS in absence of mitigation measures
 5     Mitigation techniques applicable to the FSS earth stations
        5.1     Mitigating techniques for co-frequency sharing
                  5.1.1     RF Shielding of earth stations
                  5.1.2     Mitigation of interference by adaptive signal processing
        5.2     Mitigating techniques for adjacent band sharing
                  5.2.1     Mitigating received IMT in-block interference and LNB blocking
                  5.2.2     Reducing the level of IMT unwanted emissions into the FSS earth stations operating band
        5.3     Use of adaptive waveform as an interference mitigation technique
 6     Mitigation techniques applicable to IMT networks
        6.1     Sector pointing to reduce emission power towards FSS earth station
        6.2     Adaptive beam forming for active antennas
        6.3     Multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) technique
        6.4     Antenna downtilting
        6.5     Low/medium power networks for local coverage
        6.6     Unwanted emissions of IMT transmitting stations
 7     Mitigation measures applicable to both the IMT and FSS earth station side
        7.1     Additional considerations in adjacent band operations: Inter-service frequency separation
        7.2     Distance based mitigation: the concept of exclusion and restriction zones
                  7.2.1     General principles affecting the size and shape of the zones
                  7.2.2     Definition of exclusion zone
                  7.2.3     Definition of restriction zone
 8     Unwanted emission limits: determining the total power in a frequency range
        8.1     Definition of a spectrum emission mask
        8.2     Examples of spectrum emission masks
        8.3     Procedure to determine the total unwanted emission power expected within a frequency range covered by a spectrum emission mask
                  8.3.1     Total power at the input of the FSS earth station, calculation example
                  8.3.2     Use of an SEM for the determination of effective rejection and as aid to the development of an RF filter specification
 9     Summary