CONTENTS

Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR)
 1     Principles for comfortable viewing of stereoscopic three-dimensional images
        1.1     Composite factors in perception of stereoscopic 3D images  6
        1.2     Measures to enable comfortable viewing of stereoscopic three-dimensional images  6
                  1.2.1     Programme production
                  1.2.2     Viewing environments and display devices
                  1.2.3     Examples of safety guidelines
 2     Psychophysical aspects of viewing stereoscopic images
        2.1     Psychophysical aspects  7
                  2.1.1     Geometrical relationships and naturalness
                  2.1.2     Visual comfort and discomfort in viewing stereoscopic images
                  2.1.3     Visual fatigue in viewing stereoscopic images
                  2.1.4     Assessment methodology
        2.2     Visual discomfort induced by disparity and motion magnitude of stereoscopic video   10
        2.3     The influence of stereopsis and abnormal binocular vision on ocular and systemic discomfort while watching 3D television     10
                  2.3.1     Introduction
                  2.3.2     Methodology and results
        2.4     The impact of Parkinson’s Disease on discomfort while watching 3D television   11
        2.5     Influence of Alzheimer’s Dementia on dynamic 3D perception and fatigue   11
        2.6     3D viewing and refractive errors in children   11
 3     Points to consider for broadcasters to provide comfortable 3DTV broadcasting
        3.1     Preparation   12
        3.2     Shooting (acquisition) and editing  12
        3.3     Verification   13
        3.4     Broadcasting  13
 4     Conclusions
        4.1     Guidance to viewers of 3DTV services  13
Annex 1  Example notifications given to viewers in Japan
 1     Notifications when 3D programmes are broadcast on same channel as 2D programmes
 2     Notifications that should be broadcast with 3DTV programmes
 3     Notifications may inform viewers (even though some of these are basically in the product manual)
Annex 2  Examples of safety guidelines – Korea (Republic of)
 1     The necessity for safety guidelines
        1.1     Background   16
        1.2     Typical discomforts  16
 2     Viewing guidelines
        2.1     Viewing time and rest time   16
        2.2     Viewing distance   17
        2.3     Viewing position   17
                  2.3.1     Horizontal viewing position
                  2.3.2     Right angle viewing position
        2.4     Others criteria  18
 3     Viewer guidelines
        3.1     Symptoms caused by 3D viewing on viewers  18
        3.2     Stereo blindness and stereo abnormality  18
        3.3     Chronic diseases  18
        3.4     Age   19
 4     Content guideline
        4.1     Setting stereo cameras  19
        4.2     Capturing stereoscopic images  20
        4.3     Captions and Graphics  21
        4.4     Screen disparity  21
 5     Display guidelines
        5.1     Crosstalk in the display  21
        5.2     Display refresh rate   22
        5.3     3D glasses  22
Annex 3  Examples of safety guidelines Italian Health Ministry Circular Letters
Annex 4  Psychophysical studies on three dimensional television systems
 1     Key items for psychophysical studies
        1.1     Naturalness and unnaturalness of images  24
        1.2     Viewing comfort and discomfort  24
        1.3     Visual fatigue caused by parallax 3DTV viewing  25
        1.4     Individual differences in the stereopsis function   25
        1.5     Effect on young people   25
 2     Naturalness and unnaturalness of stereoscopic images − Geometrical analysis of spaces reproduced by stereoscopic images
        2.1     Theoretical analysis of reproduced spaces  26
                  2.1.1     Model of shooting/display systems
                  2.1.2     Depth distance in real space and stereoscopic image space
        2.2     Size distortion   29
                  2.2.1     Theoretical analysis
                  2.2.2     Subjective evaluation tests
        2.3     Depth distortion   32
                  2.3.1     Theoretical analysis
                  2.3.2     Subjective evaluation tests
 3     Viewing comfort and discomfort of stereoscopic images
        3.1     Parallax distribution and visual comfort of stereoscopic images  35
                  3.1.1     Introduction
                  3.1.4     Subjective evaluation of the sense of presence
        3.2     Visual comfort and discomfort in viewing stereoscopic images  39
                  3.2.1     Discrepancies between left and right images
                  3.2.2     Depth range, distribution and change in parallax
 4     Visual fatigue in viewing stereoscopic images
        4.1     Experimental results on inconsistency between vergence and accommodation   41
        4.2     Experimental results on parallax amount and lateral/depth motion   42
        4.3     Evaluation of fatigue caused by watching 3DTV   44
                  4.3.1     Experiment
                  4.3.2     Results
 5     Spatial distortion prediction system for 3DTV
        5.1     Introduction   47
        5.2     Spatial distortion in 3DTV   48
        5.3     Spatial distortion prediction system for 3DTV   48
                  5.3.1     Use cases
                  5.3.2     System outline
                  5.3.3     Examples of conditions and simulations
Annex 5   Results of subjective visual comfort assessment for motion and disparity magnitude of 3D content – Korea (Republic of)
 1     Summary and proposals
 2     Experimental environments
 3     Subjective measurement of visual discomfort induced by motion characteristics
        3.1     Visual stimulus  53
        3.2     Subjective assessment method of visual comfort  54
        3.3     Experimental results and discussion   56
 4     Subjective measurement of visual discomfort induced by depth characteristics
        4.1     Visual stimulus  59
        4.2     Subjective visual comfort assessment method   60
        4.3     Experimental results and discussion   60
Annex 6  The influence of stereopsis and abnormal binocular vision on ocular and systemic discomfort while watching 3D television – Korea (Republic of)
 1     Summary and proposals
 2     Abstract
 3     Participants and methods
 4     Results
 5     Discussion
Annex 7   The influences of Parkinson’s diseases on dynamic 3D perception and fatigue  while watching 3D television – Korea (Republic of)
 1     Introduction and study results
 2     Summary and proposals
Attachment  Subjects and methods
Annex 8   Visual discomfort induced by the binocular disparity of stereoscopic video – Korea (Republic of)
 1     Introduction and study results
 2     Summary and proposals
Attachment   Results of subjective visual comfort assessment for disparity and motion depth magnitude of 3D content
 1     Experimental environments
 2     Subjective measurement of visual discomfort induced by disparity characteristics
        2.1     Visual stimulus  70
        2.2     Subjective assessment method of visual discomfort  75
        2.3     Experimental results and discussion   77
Annex 9  Liaison statement to the WHO
Annex 10  The Influence of Alzheimer’s Dementia on dynamic 3D perception  and fatigue while watching 3D Television
Annex 11  The role of 3D Television in terms of refractive errors in children
 1     Normal subjects
 2     Subjects with exodeviation