REPORT ITU-R BT.2044 – Tolerable round-trip time delay for sound-programme and television broadcast programme inserts – Context and rationale
1 Scope
2 References and Bibliography
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviations and acronyms
5 Causes of delay and echo
    5.1 Context
    5.2 Historical background
    5.3 System design and configuration factors versus operating practices
    5.4 System design and configuration factors which cause delay and echo
        5.4.1 Encode/decode processes
        5.4.2 Propagation delay
    5.5 Magnitude of delay in various transmission media
    5.6 Magnitude of delay in video codecs
    5.7 Magnitude of delay in audio codecs
    5.8 Circuit symmetry
    5.9 Operating practices which cause echo
    5.10 Sound to picture delay
6 Effects of delay and echo
    6.1 Audio delay and video delay
    6.2 Variables affecting disturbance
    6.3 Echoes and fusion
    6.4 Types of disturbance and their effects
    6.5 Adaptation
7 Summary