• Emergency and Disaster relief – ITU-R Special Supplement
    • Table of contents
    • Foreword
      • The Tampere Convention
    • Introduction
    • 1. Background
    • 2. Radiocommunication Study Group activities
      • 2.1 Study Group 4 (Fixed-satellite service)
      • 2.2 Study Group 6 (Broadcasting services)
      • 2.3 Study Group 7 (Science services)
      • 2.4 Study Group 8 (Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services)
      • 2.5 Study Group 9 (Fixed service)
    • 3. Other activities in BR
      • 3.1 ITU-R website on the role of radiocommunications in disaster mitigation and relief operations
      • 3.2 Additional information of the Radiocommunication Sector
        • 3.2.1 Maritime mobile Access and Retrieval System (MARS)
        • 3.2.2 Regionally harmonized bands
    • 4. Other activities in ITU
      • 4.1 General Secretariat ITU
      • 4.2 ITU-T
      • 4.3 ITU-D
    • Annex 1 – ITU-R texts concerning radiocommunications for emergency and disaster relief
      • Section I – Radio Regulations texts
        • ARTICLE 30 General provisions
          • Section I – Introduction
          • Section II – Maritime provisions
          • Section III – Aeronautical provisions
          • Section IV – Land mobile provisions
        • ARTICLE 31 Frequencies for the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS)
          • Section I – General
          • Section II – Survival craft stations
          • Section III – Watchkeeping
        • ARTICLE 32 Operational procedures for distress and safety communications in the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS)
          • Section I – General
          • Section II – Distress alerting
          • Section III – Distress traffic
        • ARTICLE 33 Operational procedures for urgency and safety communications in the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS)
          • Section I – General
          • Section II – Urgency communications
          • Section III – Medical transports
          • Section IV – Safety communications
          • Section V – Transmission of maritime safety information
          • Section VI – Intership navigation safety communications
          • Section VII – Use of other frequencies for distress and safety
          • Section VIII – Medical advice
        • ARTICLE 34 Alerting signals in the global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS)
          • Section I – Emergency position-indicating radiobeacon (EPIRB) and satellite EPIRB signals
          • Section II – Digital selective calling
        • RESOLUTION 646 (WRC-03)
      • Section II – ITU-R Recommendations and Reports
        • RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.693
          • Annex 1 Minimum technical characteristics of DSC VHF EPIRBs
            • 1. General
            • 2. Alerting transmissions
            • 3. DSC message format and transmission sequence
        • RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.830-1
          • Scope
        • RECOMMENDATION ITU-R S.1001
          • ANNEX 1
            • 1 Introduction
            • 2 Basic considerations
              • 2.1 Required services and associated channel capability
              • 2.2 Circuit quality
              • 2.3 Selection of frequency band
              • 2.4 Associated earth station
            • 3 Preferred modulation methods
            • 4 Characteristics of the transportable earth station
              • 4.1 System G/T ratio
              • 4.2 Earth station e.i.r.p.
            • 5 Configuration of the transportable earth station
              • 5.1 Weight and size
              • 5.2 Antenna
              • 5.3 Power amplifier
              • 5.4 Low-noise receiver
            • 6 Examples of transportable earth station realizations and system implementation
              • 6.1 Small transportable earth stations
                • 6.1.1 An example of a small transportable earth station for operation at 6/4 GHz
                • 6.1.2 Examples of air transportable and vehicle equipped small earth stations in the 14/12 GHz band
                • 6.1.3 Examples of small transportable earth stations for operation at 30/20 GHz
              • 6.2 Example of an emergency network and associated earth stations in the 14/12.5 GHz band
        • RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.1042-2
        • RECOMMENDATION ITU-R F.1105-1
          • ANNEX 1
            • 1 Equipment characteristics
            • 2 Engineering principles
              • 2.1 Low-capacity links (equipment Type A)
              • 2.2 Local radio networks (equipment Type B)
              • 2.3 Links up to 30 channels (equipment Type C)
              • 2.4 Trans-horizon (equipment Type D)
              • 2.5 High capacity links (equipment Type E)
            • 3 Transmission quality
        • RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.1467
          • ANNEX 1 Prediction of A2 and NAVTEX ranges
            • 1 Overview
            • 2 Prediction of A2 and NAVTEX ranges
              • 2.1 IMO performance criteria
              • 2.2 Achieving the required quality of signal
                • 2.2.1 The effect of received noise
                • 2.2.2 C/N required for single sideband (SSB) radiotelephony
                • 2.2.3 C/N required for NAVTEX broadcasts
              • 2.3 Accounting for ships topside noise
              • 2.4 Determination of external noise factor, , for the required availability
              • 2.5 Accounting for propagation by groundwave
                • 2.5.1 Introduction
                • 2.5.2 Proof of performance tests
                • 2.5.3 Determination of extent of A2 service area
                  • 2.5.3.1 Determination of shore-based receive range
                  • 2.5.3.2 Determination of shore-based transmit power required
                • 2.5.4 Determination of the range achieved using NAVTEX operation
            • 3 Protection of A2 watch frequency
              • 3.1 Impact of site separation on system performance
              • 3.2 Estimating the level of the interference field
              • 3.3 Required adjacent channel selectivity
              • 3.4 Protection from adjacent channel interference
              • 3.5 Protection from transmitter sideband noise
              • 3.6 Co-site operation
            • 4 Software requirements
              • 4.1 Noise calculation
              • 4.2 Intermodulation
        • RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.1637
        • REPORT ITU-R M.2033
          • 1 Scope
          • 2 Background
          • 3 Harmonization of spectrum
          • 4 Aspects of frequency bands for PPDR
          • 5 Summary
          • Annex 1 Radiocommunication objectives for public protection and disaster relief
            • 1 General objectives
            • 2 Technical objectives
            • 3 Operational objectives
          • Annex 2 Radiocommunication requirements for public protection and disaster relief
            • 1 Terminology
              • 1.1 Public protection and disaster relief (PPDR)
              • 1.2 Applicability of voice, data, graphics and video to global/regional PPDR
              • 1.3 Consideration of advantages with future technologies
              • 1.4 Narrowband, wideband, broadband
                • 1.4.1 Narrowband (NB)
                • 1.4.2 Wideband (WB)
                • 1.4.3 Broadband (BB)
            • 2 Radio operating environments for PPDR
              • 2.1 Day-to-day operations
              • 2.2 Large emergency and/or public events
              • 2.3 Disasters
            • 3 Requirements
              • 3.1 Applications
                • 3.1.1 General
                • 3.1.2 Application accessibility requirements
                • 3.1.3 Envisioned applications
              • 3.2 User requirements
                • 3.2.1 System requirements
                  • 3.2.1.1 Support of multiple applications
                  • 3.2.1.2 Simultaneous use of multiple applications
                  • 3.2.1.3 Priority access
                  • 3.2.1.4 Grade of service (GoS) requirements
                  • 3.2.1.5 Coverage
                  • 3.2.1.6 Capabilities
                • 3.2.2 Security related requirements
                • 3.2.3 Cost related requirements
                • 3.2.4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements
                • 3.2.5 Operational requirements
                  • 3.2.5.1 Scenario
                  • 3.2.5.2 Interoperability
                • 3.2.6 Spectrum usage and management
                • 3.2.7 Regulatory compliance
                • 3.2.8 Planning
          • Annex 3 Narrowband frequencies for inter-agency coordination and safety and security communications in international humanitarian assistance presently in use
          • Annex 4 Spectrum requirements for public protection and disaster relief
            • 1 Introduction
            • 2 Methods of projecting spectrum requirements
              • 2.1 Description of the methodology
              • 2.2 Required input data
              • 2.3 Validity of the methodology
                • 2.3.1 Discussion
                • 2.3.2 Validity study
              • 2.4 Critical parameters
              • 2.5 Extrapolated upper limit
            • 3 Results
              • 3.1 Results of estimates of amount of spectrum required by the year 2010 for PPDR
              • 3.2 Discussion of results
            • Appendix 1 to Annex 4 Methodology for the calculation of public protection and disaster relief terrestrial spectrum requirements
              • 1 Introduction
              • 2 Advanced services
              • A Spectrum prediction model
              • B Geographical area
              • C Operational environments versus service environments
              • D PPDR population
              • E Penetration rates
              • F Traffic parameters
              • G PPDR quality of service functions
              • H Calculate total traffic
              • I Net system capacity
              • J Spectrum calculations
              • Examples
              • Conclusion
            • Attachment A of Appendix 1 to Annex 4 Comparison of proposed methodology for the calculation of PPDR spectrum requirements to IMT-2000 methodology
            • Attachment B of Appendix 1 to Annex 4 PPDR Spectrum Requirements Flowchart
            • Attachment C to Appendix 1 to Annex 4 System capacity calculation examples
              • 1 IMT-2000 net system capacity calculation methodology
            • Attachment D of Appendix 1 to Annex 4 Example: Public safety and disaster relief population density data
            • Attachment E of Appendix 1 to Annex 4 Example calculation
            • Attachment F of Appendix 1 to Annex 4 Example narrowband and wideband calculation summaries
            • Appendix 2 to Annex 4 PPDR spectrum calculation based on generic city analysis (demographic population)
              • 1 Generic City Approach
              • 2 PPDR categories
              • 3 Spectrum requirements
            • Annex 5 Existing and emerging solutions to support interoperability for public protection and disaster relief
              • 1 Introduction
              • 2 Existing solutions
                • 2.1 Cross-band repeaters
                • 2.2 Radio reprogramming
                • 2.3 Radio exchange
                • 2.4 Multi-band, multi-mode radios
                • 2.5 Commercial services
                • 2.6 Interface/interconnect systems
              • 3 Emerging technology solutions for PPDR
                • 3.1 Adaptive antenna systems
                • 3.2 Cross-banding
                • 3.3 SDR