• Regulatory challenges and opportunities in the new ICT ecosystem
  • Acknowledgements
  • Foreword
  • Executive Summary
  • 1 Moving from legacy to new ICT ecosystem regulation
    • 1.1 A regulatory taxonomy of the app economy
    • 1.2 Communications and online services
      • 1.2.1 Changing market structures
      • 1.2.2 Online service provider revenue models
      • 1.2.3 App-based online services vs operator services - substitutes or complimentary?
      • 1.2.4 The streaming revolution: Disrupting broadcasting and pay TV
    • 1.3 Partnering between network operators and online service providers
    • 1.4 Costs and benefits of the increasing use of online services
  • 2 Key regulatory issues to be addressed
    • 2.1 Competition issues
    • 2.2 Licensing of online service providers
    • 2.3 Interconnection frameworks
    • 2.4 Universal service
    • 2.5 Net neutrality and zero rating of content
    • 2.6 Consumer privacy
    • 2.7 Consumer rights
    • 2.8 Quality of service
    • 2.9 Numbering issues
    • 2.10 Content regulation
    • 2.11 Cyber security
    • 2.12 Approaches to IMT spectrum availability
    • 2.13 How should online service providers be taxed?
      • 2.13.1 Taxation case studies
      • 2.13.2 Specific telecommunication taxes need to be addressed
  • 3 Conclusions
  • 4 Strategic recommendations for regulators and policy makers
  • Acronyms and abbreviations
  • Appendix A: Introduction to the app economy
    • A1 Defining the app economy and its ecosystem
    • A2 The economics of the app economy
    • A3 Telecommunications/ICTs and the app economy
  • Appendix B
  • Appendix C