1 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 International connectivity in the Pacific: The changing situation 1.3 Need for speed: demand drivers 1.4 Overview of submarine cables in the Pacific: Current situation and upcoming projects 1.5 Common features of submarine cables in the Pacific 1.6 Future role of satellite connectivity 1.7 ITU project on satellite 2 Building the enabling environment 2.1 Financing and ownership 2.2 Licensing and rights of way 2.3 Equal access and pricing 2.4 Human and institutional capacity 2.5 Issues and challenges 3 Case studies from the Pacific 3.1 Fiji 3.2 Papua New Guinea 3.3 Samoa 3.4 Tonga 3.5 Vanuatu 4 Recommendations Table 1.1.1: WTDC-14 Asia-Pacific Regional Initiatives Table 1.1.2: WTDC-17 Asia-Pacific Regional Initiatives Table 1.2.1: Number of international submarine cables connected to each Pacific island Table 1.3.1: Contracted international bandwidth in selected Pacific islands (Mbit/s) Table 1.4.1: International submarine cables currently serving Pacific islands Table 1.4.2: Proposed international submarine cables that will serve Pacific islands Table 1.4.3: Existing and planned national submarine cable systems Table 1.5.1: Changes in wholesale demand for international connectivity following the commissioning the first international submarine cable Table 1.6.1: Geostationary satellites providing broadband connectivity to Pacific islands Table 1.7.1: KPIs and expected results of the Development of satellite communications capacity and emergency communications solutions for Small Islands Developing States of the Pacific project Table 2.3.1: Regulation of access to and pricing of submarine cable capacity in the Pacific islands Table 2.5.1: Common challenges for submarine cable projects in the Pacific islands Table 3.1.1: Price caps for IP transit via Fintel Table 3.1.2: Pricing of entry-level mobile broadband services as a proportion of GNI per capita per month Table 3.2.1: Pricing of entry-level mobile broadband services as a proportion of GNI per capita per month Table 3.3.1: Lease capacity pricing on the SAS cable Table 3.3.2: Pricing of entry-level mobile broadband services as a proportion of GNI per capita per month Table 3.4.1: Regulated lease capacity pricing Table 3.4.2: Pricing of entry-level mobile broadband services as a proportion of GNI per capita per month Table 3.5.1: Pricing of entry-level mobile broadband services as a proportion of GNI per capita per month Figure 1.4.1: Map of existing and selected proposed international and national submarine cables Figure 1.5.1: Cumulative rates of growth in wholesale demand for international connectivity following the commissioning the first international submarine cable Figure 1.6.1: World map of HTS supply (in Gbit/s) for 2015 and 2018 Figure 1.6.2: Impact of HTS technology development on cost per GHz Figure 3.1.1: Map showing existing and planned cables Figure 3.2.1: Map showing existing and proposed cables Figure 3.3.1: Map showing existing and planned cables Figure 3.4.1: Map showing the existing cable Figure 3.5.1: Map showing the existing cable