International Telecommunication Union   ITU
عربي  |  中文  |  Español  |  Français  |  Русский
 
Site Map Contact us Print Version
 
Home : ITU-T Home : Cooperation between ITU-T and Universities : Kaleidoscope Events
 
   
Innovations in NGN – Future Network and Services
 An ITU-T Kaleidoscope Event, Geneva, 12-13 May 2008
 
Abstracts
« TOP »  
 Session 1: Invited Papers
S1.1. NGN architecture evolution: A New Generation Network – Beyond NGN 

Tomonori Aoyama, Keio University, Japan

This paper discusses requirements and several research activities of new generation networks (NWGN) coming after Next Generation Network (NGN) currently driven by ITU-T. The detailed research profiles of Japanese governmental projects such as AKARI project are introduced with possible future applications. Photonic technology has been applied for high speed communications, possible high speed communication services are also investigated in this paper. This paper addresses that photonic technology is also important for energy reduction of these services, which is one of the keenest issues in the world for the next decade. Among other concerns to increase power consumption of communication services, network appliances and sensors are not negligible because of their number and the penetration rate in ubiquitous or pervasive network services. This paper also introduces the maximum power consumption of these sensor devices required for keeping sustainable services.

S1.2. Applications and services over the NGN: Evolution of Open IPTV Standards and Services 

Martin Körling, Ericsson Research, Sweden

IP-based TV services bring opportunities for interactivity and personalization. They also bring challenges in delivery quality and interoperability. Open standards are essential to ensure market success but also to enable innovation of future services and applications. We give an overview of the current status of IPTV standardization, especially how specifications complement each other to achieve a complete system. Some key challenges and opportunities are described, including how to enable 3rd party innovation on top of IPTV platforms.

S1.3. Social, economic and policy issues in the ubiquitous societies: Open Standards: a Call for Action 

Ken Krechmer, University of Colorado, USA

Digital communications is both pervasive and vital across society. This creates a growing public interest in the technical standards that proscribe public communications. The public is demanding, "Open Standards." The rallying cry, "Open Standards," means different things to different groups. This paper reviews the different needs of specific groups of society and develops ten different requirements of Open Standards. To implement these requirements, actions by standardization organizations, international bodies (e.g., WIPO, WTO) and national patent office rules are proposed. Interestingly, technical changes, in the form of new standards, rather than legal or policy changes, appear to be the most important mechanism to meet the requirements of open standards.

« TOP »  
 Session 2: Platform Standardization
S2.1. Open API Standardisation for the NGN Platform* 

Catherine Mulligan (University of Cambridge, UK)

Next Generation Networks (NGN) are meant to ‘enable a richer set of applications to the end-user’ creating a network platform that allows for the rapid creation of new services without the need to add new infrastructure. Significant progress has been made in the tandardizingn of NGN architecture and protocol implementation in several different standards bodies. There has, however, been a lack of progress in the development of tandardizin open APIs for the developer community to create innovative applications for the NGN platform. This paper outlines the importance of such APIs, what has been achieved so far in the standards bodies and a brief overview of emerging de-facto standards such as Google’s OpenSocial and Android APIs. The paper concludes with a brief set of issues that standards bodies need to resolve in relation to open APIs.

S2.2. Structuring the Next Generation Network using a Standards-based Service Delivery Platform* 

Rolan Christian (University of the Witwatersrand, ZA); Hu Hanrahan (University of the Witwatersrand, ZA)

The Next Generation Network (NGN) represents a telecommunications network that provides a variety of services to customers across converged telco, enterprise and Internet infrastructures. The NGN promotes separation of service implementations from network infrastructure by using service enablers. Service enablers are reusable abstractions that provide access to network capabilities. Enablers are used by applications to create services for customers and offer external enterprises access to NGN capabilities. No appropriate NGN service platform architecture is tandardizin to date. This paper shows how services and service enablers are defined and structured within a standards-based NGN service platform architecture. We motivate the Service Delivery Platform (SDP) framework for tandardizing the NGN service platform architecture. The SDP framework defines an extendable, technology-neutral service platform architecture. The framework consists of building blocks structured according to Generic Service Oriented Architectures (GSOAs) presented here. The GSOAs are implementable using standards-based technologies. After providing background on the NGN, we elaborate on the SDP and GSOA. We present our SDP framework using multiple GSOAs. In addition, we discuss and evaluate a SDP implementation.

S2.3. VCC Service: Standardization of Integration between CS domain and IMS 

Rodrigo Bellotto Campacci (Universidade de São Paulo – Escola Politécnica, BR); João Vitor Torres (Portugal Telecom Inovação Brasil Ltda., BR); Moacyr Martucci (Universidade de São Paulo – Escola Politécnica, BR)

This paper shows an innovative proposal of integration between Circuit Switched (CS) domain and IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) in the ambit of Voice Call Continuity (VCC) service. VCC is a fundamental piece of IMS architecture proposed by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) specifications. This service offers continuity of a call when a mobile user moves from a domain to another, e.g. from circuit switching access network to IP access network. Mobility is a fundamental characteristic of convergent and heterogeneous networks, like IMS architecture, which is an implementation of Next Generation Networks (NGN). 3GPP specifications do not mention anything about the protocol and the methods used to integrate the functional entities of VCC service that are distributed through CS domain and in IMS. Then, this paper propose could be used for standardization of this integration, suggesting a method and a protocol for it.

S2.4. Managing NGNs using the SOA Philosophy 

Konstantinos Kotsopoulos (University of Bradford, UK); Pouwan Lei (University of Bradford, UK); Yim Fun Hu (University of Bradford, UK)

Next Generation Networks will accommodate heterogeneous networks with high level of distribution and complexity. Thus, it will issue new challenges to the Operations Support System (OSS) architectures. The traditional OSS architectures will no longer be able support the complexity of the NGNs as a result; the redesign of the management architecture is necessary. The Service-Oriented Architecture is the solution to successfully manage the complexity of the NGNs. This paper presents existing management architectures and the concept of the SOA as well as the technologies that enables the SOA. The technologies that enable SOA are presented. Finally, a SOA-based management framework following the logic of the Next Generation Operation Support Systems (NGOSS) developed in the TM-Forum is proposed.

« TOP »  
 Session 3: Protocols, QoS, privacy and accessibility in NGN
S3.1. Future Challenges of IrSimple Protocol: Efficient Flow Control Scheme and Long Distance Capability 

Alam Mohammad Shah (Waseda University, JP); Gontaro Kitazumi (Waseda University, JP); Mitsuji Matsumoto (Waseda University, JP)

IrSimple protocol, recently proposed by the Infrared Data Association (IrDA), promises a simple Infrared protocol for fast, wireless communication between mobile devices and digital home appliances. The existing flow control scheme adopted by IrSimple protocol consumes a considerable amount of energy and resources by retransmitting large sized Information frame in case the receiving secondary station remains busy due to handling other tasks and therefore can not send the acknowledgement of received frames. In our previous work, we proposed an efficient flow control scheme which effectively reduces the redundant data retransmissions by using Receiver Ready (RR) supervisory frames and assumed all the frames are received error free during flow control procedure. In this paper, we examine in detail all possible cases where Information frames or Supervisory frames may be lost at different stages of flow control to investigate the effectiveness of our proposed flow control scheme. Furthermore, we investigate the long distance capability of current IrDA links which is another future challenge to enhance IrSimple protocol applications.

S3.2. Analysis and Optimization of Resource Control Schemes in Next Generation Networks 

Mostafa Safavi Hemami (Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, IR); Mahmoud Pirhadi (Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran, IR); Abbas Iravani Tabrizipoor (Iran Telecommunication Research Center (ITRC), IR)

Resource and Admission Control Function (RACF) is the main part of resource management architecture in Next Generation Networks (NGN). In this paper we analyze the effect of different resource control schemes in RACF architecture on some network performance parameters and show that a dynamic policy for scheme selection will outperform the static one. The dynamic policy results in better resource utilization for Best Effort traffic while providing the required resource for QoS¬-guaranteed traffic. Likewise, we present some suggestions about Service Control Functions (SCF) and RACF responsibilities so that NGN layers independence will be maintained more than before. This led us to a bit alteration in DIAMETER protocol used between RACF and SCF.

S3.3. A Self-encryption Based Private Storage System over P2P Distributed File Sharing Infrastructure 

Hiroki Endo (The University of Tokyo, JP); Yoshihiro Kawahara (The University of Tokyo, JP); Tohru Asami (The University of Tokyo, JP)

We have proposed a distributed storage system based on self-encryption scheme for the purpose of protecting private information stored in mobile handsets. We define self-encryption scheme as an encryption scheme whose encryption key is generated from the information contained in the target file itself. In our proposed system, the information is split into two pieces and one of them is stored in a local storage of a mobile handset and the other is uploaded to a network storage, and they are encrypted respectively. In this paper, we construct a user-based private storage system with the authentication and the secure path that IMS provides. To relax the load of mobile handsets, not the mobile handset but the network server encrypts an uploaded plaintext file into s distributed data using self-encryption scheme. Sharing a storage infrastructure based on P2P overlay network with other users, the intruder cannot get all the distributed data only by hacking a single server. Moreover, if the data for uploading is already stored by other user, physical upload procedure is omitted, thus reducing the uploading time. IMS providing index application server, a supernode P2P network storage provides efficient look-up with fault-resilience and high scalability.

S3.4. Positional Gesture for Advanced Smart Terminals: Simple Gesture Text Input for Syllabic Scripts Like Myanmar, Khmer and Bangla 

Ye Kyaw Thu (Waseda University, JP); Ouk Phavy (Waseda University, JP); Yoshiyori Urano (Waseda University, JP)

In the Next Generation Network (NGN), various kinds of advanced smart mobile terminals will be used for various communication services. We believe that text typing on small mobile devices will become more popular than today and also necessary for developing countries such as Myanmar (Burma), Cambodia and Bangladesh etc. In these countries, however, there is no proper or easier text input method for mobile devices. Positional Gesture Text Input is a novel concept of text input for syllabic scripts like Myanmar, Khmer and Bangla languages. Text input of syllabic scripts poses a unique challenge because many syllabic characters are formed by combinations of consonants, dependent vowel signs, tones and subscript consonants etc. And thus, text input for syllabic scripts are still difficult even with PC keyboards. In this paper, we propose very simple gesture recognitions for syllabic scripts text input based on their writing natures. It is accessible even for first time users and applicable for many mobile computing devices such as tablet PCs, mobile phones, PDAs and portable game players etc.

« TOP »  
 Session 4: Virtualization and mobility in QoS
S4.1. Overlay Private IP Address Networks over Wide Area Ethernet 

Le Na Bui (The University of Tokyo, JP); Mallik Tatipamula (Vice President, Strategy and Planning, Juniper Networks, US); Yoshihiro Kawahara (The University of Tokyo, JP); Tohru Asami (The University of Tokyo, JP)

Productivity is one of the top reasons why Enterprises implement remote access methods to access their corporate networks. While there are several remote access methods defined today for accessing corporate networks, however there are several enhancements to consider to make next generation remote access implementation to run smoothly in existing corporate networks. In this paper, we review and identify shortcomings of existing remote access methods. We propose 2 solutions based on Mobile IP to overcome shortcomings of the existing methods and address the coexistence of our proposed techniques with existing ones. Compared with an existing VPN access method with PPP, our proposed solution offer the following advantages in terms of better usability as well as a stronger prevention of information leakage, by unifying the two authentications (one for the L2 access to the carrier and the other for L3 access to the enterprise network) into one at the enterprise network.

S4.2. A Study on fast MMD session control methods in 3G mobile communications 

Satoshi Komorita (KDDI R&D Laboratories Inc., JP); Tsunehiko Chiba (KDDI R&D Laboratories, Inc., JP); Akira Idoue (KDDI Res. Labs, JP); Hidetoshi Yokota (KDDI Labs, JP); Mitsutoshi Hatori (NII, JP); Tomonori Agatsuma (KDDI Corporation, JP)

In recent years, IMS/MMD architectures standardized by 3GPP and 3GPP2 have been gaining importance as the key technologies for the Next Generation Network, which is standardized by QoS. These architectures utilize SIP for session management and, in particular, MMD utilizes Mobile IP for mobility support of mobile nodes. When both protocols are used at the same time, the problem of inefficiency and delay in the MMD session controls for handover arises due to the fact that they work independently. In this paper, we propose fast session control methods that involve cooperation between these protocols. Further, we implement and evaluate our proposed methods, and show the improvements in session control time.

S4.3. Two Buffer Model-based QoS Estimation Method for 3G wireless IP networks in Bullet Trains 

Gang Qin (The University of Tokyo, JP); Tohru Asami (The University of Tokyo, JP); Yoshihiro Kawahara (The University of Tokyo, JP)

The high-speed communication service in future mass transportation systems is a challenging target for the design of next generation protocols. Especially bullet trains are promising, but the details of the real environments are little known to us. In this paper, we address the estimation of quality of service (QoS) in real mobile environments assuming a radio link is proprietary and using only commercially available network devices. Firstly, we make a definition of invariant communication qualities in bullet trains, which are not dependent on each measurement. Then we propose a two buffer model-based QoS estimation method for the link qualities of commercial 3G wireless IP networks, even though the radio link is a black box to users and the protocol is proprietary. Finally, using this estimation method, we measured the raw packet transmission characteristics of CDMA2000 1xEV-DO in bullet trains.

S4.4. Mashing the real world with virtual worlds – A monetizing opportunity 

Josef Reisinger (IBM Germany, DE); Jochen Kappel (IBM Germany, DE); Jacques Cresp (IBM, FR)

Virtual worlds and social networks in general are emerging phenomena which can benefit from information in the real world. For example, since its introduction in 2003, Second Life has grown explosively, and today is inhabited by nearly 10 million residents from around the globe. A fair number of the residents make part of or their entire real world living by running business on Second Life. Communications in this vast digital continent happen between avatars and make use of web facilities. Leveraging context aware capabilities such as presence, location, identity, anchored in the real world opens monetizing opportunities for the service providers. Services on the real word were mashed with Second Life used here as a typical example of a 3D virtual world. The authors present in this paper how the integration of these two worlds was achieved. This integration leveraged rapid application prototyping, development and deployment and brings the potential of a dramatic reduction in service lifecycle costs.

« TOP »  
 Session 5: Examining standardization inside out
S5.1. ICT Standardisation – Co-ordinating the diversity* 

Kai Jakobs (RWTH Aachen University, DE)

The complex web of standards setting bodies (SSBs) has triggered the need for co-operation and co-ordination in ICT standards setting at various levels. This paper looks at the co-ordination between SSBs. It provides an account of how today’s diversity in ICT standards setting emerged, and how it should be evaluated. The state-of-the-art in co-ordination between different (types of) standards bodies is discussed, and some improvements to the current situation are proposed. SSBs need to be flexible enough to constantly adapt to their stakeholders needs. Division of labour and improved transposition processes might help improve the current situation. Moreover, European policy makers might need to re-evaluate their stance towards standards consortia.

S5.2. Standards’ Dynamics through an Innovation Lens: Next Generation Ethernet Networks 

Tineke Mirjam Egyedi (Delft University of Technology, NL); Mostafa Hashem Sherif (AT&T, US)

The inherent need for stable standards is difficult to reconcile with the ITU aim to develop state-of-the-art standards, and combine standardization with innovation. Standards' change is inevitable; the consequence is that it increases transaction costs and calls prior interoperability into question. In this paper we analyze the problem of standards change as a feature of innovation. We want to understand the role that standards' dynamics plays in processes associated with committee when the specifications and technologies co-evolve. To perform this study, we consider disruptions in the technology and/or the value chain simultaneously to classify innovations in four types. By identifying the type of innovation at hand, the innovation-specific issues of standards change that are likely to occur can be singled out. Tools can be devised to assist the various stakeholders in making their decisions. We illustrate this with a case study of standards for Next Generation Ethernet networks.

S5.3. Strategic Innovations through NGN Standardisation for a Ubiquitous Consumer Wireless World* 

Máirtín O'Droma (University of Limerick, IE); Ivan Ganchev (University of Limerick, IE)

This paper proposes strategic innovations through NGN standardisation to enable the establishment of a Consumer-centric Business Model (CBM) for wireless services. This will lead to the evolution of a wireless environment, called here a Ubiquitous Consumer Wireless World (UCWW). In view of the novelty of the concept, the paper focuses on developing the context and argument for the CBM, and the underpinning technological innovations - key new infrastructural entities and functionalities - required for its realisation. The technological innovations proposed may be evolutionary, but considering the potential social, economic and policy impact on wireless communications equipment, service providers and users, the effect may be described as revolutionary.

S5.4. Architecture and Business Model of Open Heterogeneous Mobile Network* 

Yoshitoshi Murata (Iwate Prefectural University, JP); Mikio Hasegawa (Tokyo University of Science, JP); Homare Murakami (National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, JP); Hiroshi Harada (National Institute of Information & Communications Technology (NICT), JP); Shuzo Kato (NICT, JP)

The mobile communication market has been grown rapidly for over the past 10 years, but the market may reach saturation in the near future. More flexible mobile networks able to meet various user demands and create new market openings are needed for further growth. Heterogeneous networks are more suitable than homogeneous networks for meeting a wide variety of user demands. There are 2 types of heterogeneous network: a closed-type whose network resources are deployed and operated by communication carriers, and an open-type whose network resources would be deployed not only by existing operators but also general companies, universities and so on. It will be easy for new comers to enter mobile businesses in an open heterogeneous mobile network, so many innovative services are likely to be provided through cooperation between various companies or organizations. This paper proposes revised architectures of TISPAN-NGN which correspond to heterogeneous networks and open mobile markets and presents new business models

« TOP »  
 Session 6: Standardization for service and support systems
S6.1. Cross-Fertilization of IMS and IPTV services over QoS 

Adel Al-Hezmi (Fraunhofer FOKUS, DE); Christian Riede (Fraunhofer FOKUS, DE); Oliver Friedrich (Fraunhofer Institute FOKUS, DE); Stefan Arbanowski (Fraunhofer Institut FOKUS, DE); Thomas Magedanz (Fraunhofer FOKUS, DE)

The main objective of the Next Generation Network (QoS) is enabling the provisioning of multimedia services over fixed and mobile networks with quality of service and mobile support, whereas the QoS framework leverages the IP Multimedia Subsystem an overlay control, which is standardized by 3GPP. The QoS framework will enable new innovative multimedia services covering telephony and interactive multimedia services. Currently the QoS is working on standardizing an IPTV functional architecture for supporting TV services over QoS. This paper follows the IMS-based IPTV approach and proposes a converged end-to-end solution that enables the cross-fertilization of IMS services and IPTV services. Furthermore, the paper presents the Fraunhofer Institute FOKUS Media Interoperability Lab (MIL), which is represented as a reference implementation of such framework as an open environment gathering all major IMS core and IPTV components as prototyping. Finally the paper presents the end-to-end signalling delay of an IPTV session setup and the performance measurement results of several IPTV application servers.

S6.2. Interoperability Problems in Next Generation Network Protocols 

Zohreh Ayatollahi (Iran Telecomunication Reserch Centre, IR); Saeede Sarukhani (Iran Telecommuniacation Research Center, IR); Fatemeh Fayazi (Iran Telecom Research Center, IR); Zahra Askary Roknabady (ITRC, IR); Afsane Madani (Iran Telecommunication Research Center, IR)

The most recent major trend and development in telecoms has been a move toward Next Generation Networks (QoS) and services model. QoS is based on a progressive evolution to end-to-end ‘all IP’ and will have to provide the capabilities to make the creation, deployment, and management of all kinds of services possible. The QoS players, although use different terms for QoS, they share many of the same basic concepts in their visions for tomorrow’s carrier infrastructure. In this paper we have introduced a pilot for interoperability basic call tests in Next Generation Networks (QoS) and the results of that pilot deployment and testing are presented and analyzed. These results are based on test scenarios provided by four QoS vendors namely: Alcatel, Huawei, Siemens and ZTE. These vendors intended to demonstrate their solutions in a multi-vendor environment for softswitch based QoS deployment that is suitable for class4 and class5 switches replacement. They had participated in an interoperability test environment for basic call and supplementary services.

S6.3. Token-Based Congestion Control: Achieving Fair Resource Allocations in P2P Networks 

Zhiqiang Shi (Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CN)

Fair Queueing designed to achieve fair bandwidth allocations like CSFQ and Stochastic Fair BLUE, have many desirable properties for congestion control in the Internet. However, such mechanisms usually supervise the bandwidth consumption of per-flow, and are good for nothing while P2P flows dominate the traffic in the Internet. In this paper, we propose a Token-Based Congestion Control that controls the access token resource consumed by every subscriber, which provides substantial fairness in P2P networks. In this congestion control system, there are three important devices: core routers, edge routers, terminals. Core routers measure congestion degree, and convey it to terminals. Terminals label the Token-Level on sent packets according to the congestion degrees in the transport path, and regulate the average speed of output tokens, which are the multiplication of the packet size and the Token-Level. Edge routers limit the input token speed of every terminal. We present simulations and analyses on the performance of this approach, and at last, discuss its further contributions to the Internet.

S6.4. EuQoS: End-to-End QoS over Heterogeneous Networks 

María Ángeles Callejo-Rodríguez (Telefónica I+D, ES); José Enríquez-Gabeiras (Telefónica I+D, ES); Wojciech Burakowski (Warsaw University of Technology, PL); Andrzej Beben (Warsaw University of Technology, PL); Jaroslaw Sliwinski (Warsaw University of Technology, PL); Olivier Dugeon (France Telecom R&D, FR); Enzo Mingozzi (University of Pisa, IT); Giovanni Stea (University of Pisa, IT); Michel Diaz (LAAS, FR); Laurent Baresse (Silogic, FR)

The IST European Project EuQoS (‘End-to-End QoS over Heterogeneous Networks’) has defined an QoS architecture that builds, uses and manages the end-to-end QoS paths across different administrative domains and heterogeneous networks (UMTS, xDSL, Ethernet, WiFi and Satellite access networks and IP/MPLS domains). The architecture follows a model more similar to Internet open architecture than to IMS: it provides to the end user a clear interface that allows it to request (without changing its Application Signalling protocol) which kind of service is required, regardless of the Service Provider particular policies (meeting regulators’ and Internet users’ Net Neutrality requirement). This allows the Network Operator to take advantage of the new Internet Services as the driver for a new commercial offer based on advanced connectivity to the end user. In this article we present the defined QoS Framework, which has been developed and validated by the Project.

« TOP »  
 Session 7: Architectures and system design in NGN
S7.1. Architecture for broadband and mobile VPN over NGN* 

Masahisa Kawashima (NTT Corporation, JP); Shintaro Mizuno (NTT Corporation, JP); Junya Kato (NTT Corporation, JP)

We propose a method for broadband mobile VPN over NGN, which is suitable for office-LAN access by business users and hone-LAN access by consumers. The proposed method creates a channel for VPN communication with SIP signalling, allowing the public network and enterprise networks to perform session-based border control and QoS management. In addition, the proposed method achieves the hand-over of a VPN session with SIP mobility approach. These features lead to the following advantages. First, the network can protect users' home gateways from malicious traffic. Second, enterprises can separate VPN gateways from enterprise firewalls and distribute many VPN gateways for each small segment. Third, the network can perform session-based QoS management. Last, the proposed method enables the mobile terminal to continue a VPN session while switching access networks. These advantages are valuable when we make emerging high-speed LAN applications executable over a public wide-area network.

S7.2. Next Generation Service Engineering 

Rolv Bræk (Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO); Daniel Amyot (University of Ottawa, CA); Judith Rossebø (Telenor, NO); Hanane Becha (Nortel, CA)

Service engineering is the process of service development from domain analysis and requirements capture, through specification, design and implementation, to deployment and adaptation on service delivery platforms. Ideally one would like to specify and analyse services on a high level of abstraction, using modelling concepts close to the user and problem domain rather than the platform and implementation domain, and then be able to derive design components and implementations from service models with a high degree of automation. It is argued in this paper that this vision is approaching reality and so is worth while pursuing to face the challenges of service engineering in a NGN context. The basis for this is new approaches to model services precisely, to analyse goals and tradeoffs concerning variability and context, and to transform service models into platform independent models from which implementations are automatically generated. Interestingly, the service models can provide information and mechanisms that help dynamic composition and adaptation at run time. The approach is illustrated using a multimedia call service with access control requirements.

S7.3. Distributed PBX Gateways to enable the Hosted Enterprise Services architecture in a NGN scenario 

Alejandro Cadenas (Telefonica I+D, ES); Angeles Hermida (Telefonica España, ES); Antonio Arias (Telefonica España, ES); Jorge Serna (Telefónica I+D, ES)

In this paper architectural network evolution based on specific PBX-gateways is presented, in order to make it possible to efficiently integrate the PBX extensions in an IMS-based service layer. User-centric service architecture will offer services to the actual user, and not to the specific line or device. The future of such user-centric services to be offered by telecom operators depends on the efficient and realistic deployment of fully FMC convergent architecture as evolution of the current infrastructure. Operator needs to face significant adaptation and integration challenges described by the standards that will make the difference in order to get to the market with the appropriate strategic position and technological solution. Accordingly, services for Enterprises will be the first step towards the convergent scenario. However, corporations have performed significant investments on CPEs, on infrastructure and service logic, and operators shall propose a seamless way to evolve to a convergent picture without jeopardizing the customer’s investment. The proposed architecture uses standard protocols to integrate CPE service logic into horizontal network service layer, taking advantage of the CPE investment that the corporations are not willing to replace. Specific implementation details, signalling flows and pros/cons analysis for such architectural decisions are provided.

S7.4. A User-Centric Service Creation Approach for Next Generation Networks* 

Juan Carlos Yelmo (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ES); José María Del Álamo (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ES); Rubén Trapero (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ES); Paolo Falcarin (Politecnico di Torino, IT); Jian Yu (Politecnico di Torino, IT); Carlos Baladrón (Universidad de Valladolid, ES); Belén Carro (University of Valladolid, ES)

The architecture and technologies for the Next Generation Networks are well known. The service provision approach is not so clear though. While the Telecommunications killer application still remains to be found, new competitors in the new all-IP world threaten the traditional business models of telcos by providing their services directly to the operators' customers. An innovative paradigm has recently come about in the Internet which allows users to create and share their own services from the composition of other services. User-centric service creation environments improve the service offering with profitable, value-added services faster and cheaper than ever before. This paper presents the initial results of a research project that applies the user-centric approach to the creative combination of Web and network services over Next Generation Networks.

« TOP »  
 Session 8: Pushing the envelope
S8.1. An Alternative Access Technology for Next Generation Networks based on Full-Optical Wireless Communication Links 

Mitsuji Matsumoto (Waseda University, JP); Kamugisha Kazaura (Waseda University, JP); Pham Dat (Waseda University, JP); Alam Mohammad Shah (Waseda University, JP); Kazunori Omae (Waseda University, JP); Toshiji Suzuki (Waseda University, JP); Kazuhiko Wakamori (Waseda University, JP); Takeshi Higashino (Osaka University, JP); Katsutoshi Tsukamoto (Osaka University, JP); Shozo Komaki (Osaka University, JP)

In order to provide telecommunications services in the envisaged Next Generation Network (NGN), a packet based network utilizing multiple broadband, NGN-enabled transport technologies and in which the service related functions are independent of the underlying transport related functions is required. Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) systems will play an important role as alternative broadband access technology in the emerging NGNs. We have developed a revolutionary new full-optical wireless communication (F-OWC) system which operates by directly propagating an optical beam from a fiber termination point through the atmosphere using a F-OWC transceiver. At the receiving end a corresponding transceiver directly couples the atmosphere propagated optical beam into an optical fiber connection port. In this paper we present the design concept and highlights of this new F-OWC system utilizing an innovative technology for seamless coupling optical beam to fiber. Experimental results based on the prototype system demonstrate that the system is capable of offering stable, error-free transmission at multiple giga-bit per second data rates over extended periods of time.

S8.2. Differential phase shift quantum key distribution*  

Hiroki Takesue (NTT Corporation, JP); Toshimori Honjo (NTT Corporation, JP); Kiyoshi Tamaki (NTT Corporation, JP); Yasuhiro Tokura (NTT Corporation, JP)

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has been studied as an ultimate method for secure communications, and it now is emerging as a technology that can be deployed in real fibre networks. Here, we present our QKD experiments based on the differential phase shift QKD (DPS-QKD) protocol. A DPS-QKD system has a simple configuration that is easy to implement with conventional optical communication components, and it is suitable for a high clock rate system. Moreover, although the DPS-QKD system is implemented with an attenuated laser source, it is inherently secure against strong eavesdropping attacks called photon number splitting attacks, which pose a serious threat to conventional QKD systems with attenuated laser sources. We also describe three types of single photon detectors that are suitable for high-speed, long-distance QKD: an up-conversion detector, a superconducting single photon detector, and a sinusoidally gated InGaAs avalanche photodiode. We present our record setting QKD experiments that employed those detectors.

S8.3. Advanced Optical Modulators with Hybrid Configuration of Silica-based PLC and LiNbO3 Phase-shifter Array for Ultra-high-speed Transport Networks* 

Hiroshi Yamazaki (NTT Photonics Laboratories, JP); Takashi Yamada (NTT, JP); Yohei Sakamaki (NTT, JP); Akimasa Kaneko (NTT Photonics Laboratories, JP); Akihide Sano (NTT Network Innovation Laboratories, JP); Hirohji Masuda (NTT Network Innovation Laboratories, JP); Yutaka Miyamoto (NTT Network Innovation Laboratories, JP)

Future optical transport networks should offer 10-Tb/s-class total capacity, and must be able to transport 100-Gb/s-class client signal transparently as well. Advanced modulation schemes for optical signals, such as differential quadrature phase-shift keying (DQPSK) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), are promising for such large-capacity networking. In this paper, high-speed optical modulators with a hybrid configuration of silica-based planar lightwave circuits and LiNbO3 phase shifters are presented. Combining the advantages of the two components, the hybrid modulators offer high-speed responses as well as complex configurations and low optical losses. Using this technique, a DQPSK modulator, a return-to-zero- (RZ-) DQPSK modulator, and a two-subcarrier-OFDM-DQPSK modulator have been fabricated. Demonstrations of 10-Tb/s-class wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transmission with 100-Gb/s-class data rate per channel using them are successfully achieved.

S8.4. Exploring Adaptable Access in Next Generation Networks 

Ken Krechmer (University of Colorado, US)

An “etiquette” is required but is missing from the planned NGN architecture. An etiquette provides the mechanism to fairly select which access technology to use when multiple access technologies are deployed in the same network. This paper identifies the benefits an etiquette offers, describes how an etiquette can improve NGN over 3G networks, and explains how standardizing an etiquette for NGN can affect intellectual property issues. Multiple standardization organizations are identified that are addressing similar issues, however none appear to be standardizing etiquettes for NGN. It is recommended that the ITU take the lead in standardizing etiquettes for NGN.

« TOP »  
 Session 9: Economics of standardization
S9.1. Organising Innovation in Services: The Case of Telecommunications Next Generation Networks (NGN) 

Carlos Sato (University of Sussex, UK)

This paper analyzes how innovation in services is being organised in the telecommunication industry after the bubble burst in the beginning of the 2000’s and how BT is applying the concept of ‘open innovation’ in order to sustain its competitiveness. The IP (Internet Protocol) has become an unprecedented agreement in the telecommunications industry for the transformation of its traditional PSTN (Public Switched Telecommunications Network) infrastructure. While this infrastructure transformation is under way, another huge challenge is service innovation: to change the way the traditional telecommunications operators create, integrate and deliver new services. Initial findings suggest that incumbent telecommunications firms will be increasingly extracting value from platform and software sharing, exposing its ‘capabilities’ to third parties and developing business models to interoperate with other companies. Thus, the ability to expose their capabilities in services, not to hide them, will be determinant of its success. And, in this context, the concept of open innovation and value innovation also find a fertile ground to be applied in services in the communication industry. Important dynamic capabilities identified in this context are strategic planning, project management, new product/service development (especially software development), supported by systems integration.

S9.2. ITU standards and patents 

Isamu Yoshimatsu (Nippon Telepgraph and Telephone Corporation, JP); Yukio Hiramatsu (Osaka Institute of Technology, JP); Taro Yoshikawa (NTT, JP); Hiroshi Kuranaga (NTT, JP)

This paper reviews history of IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) Policy and Guideline which apply to all Recommendations of ITU standards including them for NGN. After reviewing, this paper indicates important points for making the patent declaration form which is defined in the policy and guideline. Especially, the difference among three Options in the form is explained for convenience to patent owner who is willing to submit the form but is not familiar with it. Finally, some of hot topics considered and discussed in the IPR Ad-hoc meeting are introduced and some of resolutions are proposed in this paper. The hot topics above refer to problems caused by many patent owners and non-members who have essential patents for a Recommendation.

S9.3. Rethinking ITU Intellectual Property Right Policy in Response to Challenges of Intellectual Property Rights Surrounding ICT Standards 

Ping Zhang (Peking University, CN)

Considering that the ITU IPR policy does rather little to help the 3G standard—in fact, 3G is struggling in patent mire, it arguable that it is time to rethink the ITU IPR policy. Under the current policy, no one could know with reasonable assurance how many patents will implicate a particular ICT standard; how they will be licensed, one by one, or via patent pool, or the combination; and how much the total royalty burden will be. All these uncertainty haunts investors and undermines their confidence. Though standard setting organization should not deeply involved in IPR licensing, it is recommended here that at least, ex ante RAND should be encouraged, and declaration of licensing via a future patent pool could be an option.

S9.4. The Costs and Benefits of Separating Wireless Telephone Service From Handset Sales and Imposing Network Neutrality Obligations 

Rob Frieden (Pennsylvania State University, US)

Wireless operators in most nations qualify for streamlined regulation when providing telecommunications services and even less government oversight when providing information services, entertainment and electronic publishing. As wireless ventures plan and install next generation networks (NGNs), these carriers expect to offer a diverse array of services, including Internet access, substantially free from oversight by National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs). Wireless carrier managers reject the need for governments to ensure consumers safeguards such as non-discriminatory access and separating the sale of handsets from carrier services. This paper will examine the costs and benefits of government-imposed network neutrality rules with an eye toward examining the lawfulness and need for such safeguards. The paper concludes that the rising importance of wireless networking for most ICE services and growing consumer disenchantment with carrier-imposed restrictions on handset versatility and wireless network access will trigger closer regulatory scrutiny of the public interest benefits accruing from wireless network neutrality.

« TOP »  
 Poster papers: Showcasing future network and services
P.01: A Carrier Grade Peer-to-Peer Network Architecture 

Larry Ma (ZTE, US); Weiyong Zhu (ZTE, US)

It’s undeniable that Peer-to-peer applications have posed increasing threat to the telecom operators since the end of 1990s. The threat is two-fold. One is that the P2P applications generate tremendous amount of traffic to the telecom network, resulting in network management problems and increasing both capital and operating expenditures; the other is the revenue loss caused by some P2P applications such as free or nearly free internet voice services offered by P2P operators. Most of the operators have either taken drastic measures, such as discriminating P2P by blocking or delaying P2P traffic, or totally ignoring the problem. In this paper we propose an alternative solution. This solution, taking the advantages of both telecom network and P2P network architectures, can enable the operators to capture the revenues from P2P applications without loosing the current telecom revenues by taking the advantages of both telecom network architecture and the P2P network architecture. It provides carrier grade P2P services in an IP based network with minimum impact to the current network architecture and services. We argue the benefit of this approach from its technical and business aspects.

P.02: Bayesian Sensor Model for Indoor Localization in USN 

Abdelmoula Bekkali (Waseda University, JP); Mitsuji Matsumoto (Waseda University, JP)

Ubiquitous Sensor Networks (USN) technology is one of the essential key for driving the Next Generation Network (NGN) to realize secure and easy access from anyone, any thing, anywhere and anytime. The location information is one of the most important and frequently-used contexts in ubiquitous networking. However, a system can use the changes of location to adapt its behavior, such as computation and communication, with out user intervention. In this paper we introduce a Bayesian sensor framework for solving the location estimation errors problem in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) environments. In our model the physical properties of the signal propagation are not taken into account directly. Instead, the location estimation is regarded as machine learning problem in which the task is to model how the location estimation error is distributed indoors based on a sample of measurements collected at several known locations stored in RFID tags. Results obtained by simulations demonstrate the suitability of the proposed model to provide high performance level in terms of accuracy and scalability.

P.03: Carrier Ethernet network control plane based on the Next Generation Network 

Rong Fu (Denmark Technical University, DK); Yanmeng Wang (Cybercity a/s, DK); Michael Berger (Technical University of Denmark, DK)

This paper contributes on presenting a step towards the realization of Carrier Ethernet control plane based on the Next Generation Network (NGN). Specifically, Transport MPLS (T-MPLS) is taken as the transport technology in Carrier Ethernet. It begins with providing an overview of the evolving architecture of the Next Generation Network (NGN). As an essential candidate among the NGN transport technologies, the definition of Carrier Ethernet (CE) is also introduced here. The second part of this paper depicts the contribution on the T-MPLS based Carrier Ethernet network with control plane based on NGN architecture. The approaches to QoS mapping, label distribution and Admission Control (CAC) are specified here. At last, a simple T-MPLS based Carrier Ethernet network model with three kinds of users (VoIP, VoD and HTTP) and a RACF based control module is simulated in OPNET. The model is aiming at illustrating the improvement of the Carrier Ethernet network with the NGN control plane.

P.04: Generic Identifiers for ID/Locator Split Internetworking 

Ved Kafle (National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), JP); Kiyohide Nakauchi (National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, JP); Masugi Inoue (National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, JP)

We have developed an identifier/locator split network architecture that uses separate sets of entities for identifiers and locators in order to eliminate certain problems that will arise if conventional Internet architecture, which uses Internet Protocol addresses as both node identifiers and locators, is used in the new generation network, which will have a very large number of heterogeneous devices. If the conventional architecture is used, there will be particular problems in several areas, including mobility and multihoming management, security and privacy, scalable routing, and traffic engineering. In our architecture, identifiers are used in the application and transport layers for identifying nodes, and locators are used in the network layer for locating nodes in the network topology. Nodes can change locators at any time without disrupting ongoing communication sessions, thus supporting efficient mobility and multihoming. The identifiers, which are independent of internetworking technology, are compatible with existing and future locators and routing systems.

P.05: Mobile Multimedia Metropolitan Area Network 

Phan Thanh Hoa (Ritsumeikan University, JP); Takahiko Yamada (Ritsumeikan University, JP)

This paper introduces our project named MM-MAN (Mobile Multimedia Metropolitan Area Network) aiming to provide high-bit rate packet transfer to fast-moving terminals in a micro-cellular network. One of the advanced services assumed in MM-MAN is a LAN extension to the cellular network. This paper first presents advantages of MM-MAN compared with a mobile network constructed with a double tier-cell configuration. To support a fast move of terminal, we propose LMC (Logical Macro Cell) concept and parallel polling mechanism. Adjacent cells are grouped into a multicast-based LMC at which the same data packets destined to a mobile user buffered to eliminate a re-transmission delay. Moreover, this LMC is not static but switched over together with a change of mobile user to a new cell. In the wireless section, instead of contending for channel of a new cell that causes unbounded delay, polls are sent from neighbouring cells to reserve channels for mobile users at these cells. We call it a parallel polling mechanism. Our simulation results reveal that the parallel polling and dynamic LMC work perfectly to offer a fast mobile user with a moving speed up to 250km/h a smooth high-data rate connection in the microcellular environment without any obstacle.

P.06: NGN and Internet: from coexistence to integration 

Kenji Rikitake (NICT, JP); Koji Nakao (NICT, JP)

NGN has been on the implementation phase, primarily focused on the replacement of PSTN. NGN carriers try to differentiate NGN from the current Internet for the service quality and reliability. Users of the current Internet, however, expect the early integration of NGN and the Internet, as Internet services have already been deployed into the society and daily life. In this paper, we address the interoperability, management, and security issues for the future integration of NGN and Internet, such as the usage of IPv4 and IPv6 (IPv6 migration), DNS operation, updating end-user equipments and Internet connectivity over NGN. We also propose and evaluate a future model of multi-network connection of NGN networks and the Internet.

P.07: NGN Test Strategy: Evaluating Next Generation Networks in a Realistic Environment 

Mojtaba Yaghoubi Waskasi (Itel Co., IR); Mansour Sadeghi (Itel Co., IR); Mansour Mirzabaghi (Iran Telecommunication Research Center, IR); Yazdan Nasr Harandi (Iran Telecom Research Center (ITRC), IR); Abbas Iravani Tabrizipoor (Iran Telecommunication Research Center (ITRC), IR); Mahmoud Pirhadi (Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran, IR)

Telecommunication networks are inevitably subject to a great migration from what they are now to what is a converged network in which various services with different or even contrast entities are delivered in an integrated way. Next Generation Network (NGN) is a manifest example of such networks. Examining and evaluating a new networking technology is a challenging work due to the sensibility of matter. In this paper a test strategy is proposed for testing NGN. This strategy has been applied in a nationwide NGN test environment and will be elaborated in this paper.
P.08: NGNs: Human-Aided and Privacy-Driven 

Raphael Phan (Loughborough University, UK); Jean-Philippe Aumasson (Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz, CH)

NGNs will be deployed in the next five to ten years and integrate a myriad of underlying network technologies into a common internet protocol (IP) backbone. We put forward two theses on how NGNs will evolve based on recent trends in increasing ubiquity and the need for increased security. We assert that NGNs will be increasingly human-aided and privacy-driven. We discuss how these points are inter-related, and then we culminate this paper by presenting a model that allows formal analysis of network privacy, including the tracing of entities.

P.09: On NGN Architecture and Evolution Strategy 

Huaxin Zeng (Southwest Jiaotong University, CN); Yu Gao (Southwest Jiatong University, CN); Yu Xia (Southwest Jiatong University, CN)

High-speed switching, QoS provisioning, security, and mobility are main challenges faced with existing networks and to be confronted by NGN researchers and developers. This paper promotes a BSF-OES strategy (Backbone Substrate First, Outwards Expansion Second) towards NGN with a redefined out-of-band concept. In other words, we shall first focus on the backbone sub-network with an emphasis on building a highly efficient, high speed switching platform with embedded QoS and Security mechanisms. An outwards expansion from the backbone can take place only when further simplification and refinement to control and management platform are ready for migration. As an example of the first stage development, a framework of SUPA and its key switching technique EPFTS are presented and smooth migration issues for SUPANET are also briefly discussed.

P.10: Realizing Service Composition in the IP Multimedia Subsystem 

Juan Miguel Espinosa Carlín (RWTH Aachen University, DE)

Developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project, the IP Multimedia Subsystem is a set of standards that enable the delivery of rich multimedia services in Next Generation Networks. One way of taking advantage of the flexibility that IMS provides, consists on effectively manage the interoperability and cooperation between the deployed services, in order to provide a high level of service customization to subscribers. To realize these goals, service composition, conceptualized as the ability of building new services from previously existing ones, has to be enabled in the IMS. Taking as starting point the potential architectural requirements compiled in 3GPP TR 23.810 for a brokering function, this paper presents some ideas to realize service orchestration based on the techniques and procedures already defined for the IMS.

P.11: Standardization for ubiquitous networking in IPv6-based NGN 

Gyu Myoung Lee (NIST, US); Jun Kyun Choi (Information Communication University, KR); Taesoo Jeong (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute(ETRI), KR); Doug Montgomery (NIST, US)

As many new types of devices will be connected to networks in the future, we expect that IPv6 will play a key role in object-to-object communications and also militate against address exhaustion of IPv4. Therefore, it is very important to provide ubiquitous networking capabilities using IPv6. This paper presents several issues for standardization in the support ubiquitous networking capabilities in IPv6-based Next Generation Networks (NGN). These issues are relevant to the future activities of ITU-T’s Study Group (SG) 13. We also discuss some basic concepts and present our vision related to this topic. In addition, we clearly identify the importance and key advantages of IPv6 in the ubiquitous networking environment. For developing the relevant standards to further enhance the current NGN, we propose new study items which include object identification, functional architecture, services, and strategies. We also provide additional considerations for standardization.

P.12: Standardization of Optical Packet Switching with Many-Wavelength Packets 

Masataka Ohta (Tokyo Institute of Technology, JP); Hiroaki Harai (National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, JP); Toshio Morioka (NICT, JP)

A many-wavelength packet is a packet simultaneously encoded over many-wavelengths occupying wide bandwidth, say, 1Tbps. Many-wavelength packets are switched and buffered with wide band devices, fully exploiting wide bandwidth of optics to achieve future packet-based, ultrahigh speed transport networks. Optical packet switches with many-wavelength packets can be constructed with reasonable number of optical switches and fiber delay lines (FDLs) of reasonable lengths, in which switches can be controlled electrically with header information encoded in a few wavelengths to route each packet to a proper FDL or an output port. Standardization is important for format of many-wavelength packets, because they will be used at the backbone beyond multiple network operators purely optically without being converted to electric packets.

P.13: The Cache-and-Forward Network Architecture for Efficient Mobile Content Delivery Services in the Future Internet 

Dipankar Raychaudhuri (Rutgers Univ., US); Roy Yates (Rutgers University, US); Sanjoy Paul (Rutgers University, US); Jim Kurose (University of Massachusetts at Amherst, US)

This paper presents a novel cache-and-forward (CNF) protocol architecture for mobile content delivery services in the future Internet. The CNF architecture can be implemented as an overlay on top of the Internet Protocol (IP), or as a clean slate protocol for next-generation networks. CNF is based on the concept of store-and-forward routers with large storage, providing for opportunistic delivery to occasionally disconnected mobile users and for in-network caching of content. The proposed CNF protocol uses reliable hop-by-hop transfer of large data files between CNF routers in place of an end-to-end transport protocol like TCP. This approach makes it possible to serve mobile users with intermittent connectivity, while also mitigating self-interference problems which arise in multi-hop wireless scenarios. Hop-by-hop transport is similarly useful in wired networks where router storage can help to smooth out link congestion bottlenecks which arise in TCP/IP networks. A second key feature of the CNF protocol is the integration of address-based and content-based routing to support various content delivery modes that take advantage of in-network storage. An overview of the CNF architecture and major protocol components is given, and preliminary performance evaluation results are summarized to validate the main design principles.

P.14: Trust-by-Wire in Packet-switched Networks: Calling Line Identification Presentation for IP 

Stephan Kubisch (University of Rostock, DE); Harald Widiger (University of Rostock, DE); Peter Danielis (University of Rostock, DE); Jens Schulz (University of Rostock, DE); Dirk Timmermann (University of Rostock, DE); Daniel Duchow (Nokia Siemens Networks, DE); Thomas Bahls (Nokia Siemens Networks, DE)

During the last decades, the Internet has steadily developed into a mass medium with millions of users. On the one hand, newfangled services replace traditional ones. Naturally, these are thereby expected to offer at least the same features as their classical pendants, e.g., when VoIP replaces traditional fixed line telephone networks. On the other hand, the requirements on network infrastructures and services have changed. A reason for that is the lack of Trust-by-Wire in packet-switched IP networks. In traditional telephone networks, a phone number directly coheres with a physical line. This direct relationship is not given in modern packet-switched IP networks. An IP address does not identify a physical line! This paper presents a new mechanism, which guarantees Trust-by-Wire in packet-switched IP networks - called Internet Protocol-Calling Line Identification Presentation (IPclip). Unambiguous and trustworthy location information is added on the IP level. Firstly, IPclip's general functionality is presented. Secondly, we discuss IPclip in the light of location-aware emergency calls in nomadic VoIP environments.

P.15: Agro-Sense: Precision Agriculture using Sensor-based Wireless Mesh Networks 

Somprakash Bandyopadhyay (Indian Institute of Management, IN); Anurag D (Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, IN); Siuli Roy (Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, IN)

Advances in wireless personal area networks have made the practical deployment of various services possible, which until a few years ago was considered extremely costly or labor intensive. We build such a wireless sensor network for precision agriculture where real time data of the climatological and other environmental properties are sensed and relayed to a central repository. The architecture comprises of three distinct sections – (a) the sensor-nodes (b) the wireless mesh network and (c) the actuation components. The sensors are selected based on the properties suited for the most common crops and we identify four such attributes. The sensor network is based on the IEEE-802.15.4 standard and we develop a new static routing algorithm suited for the sensing application. The algorithm overrides the deficiency of the Hierarchical Routing scheme inherent in the ZigBee specification where the Cskip addressing algorithm limits the possible depth of the network topology due to address wastage. The new algorithm maintains the hierarchical network topology and thus ensures routing is at its optimal best. The algorithms for both addressing and routing are provided. The actuation components are also a part of mesh network and are activated wirelessly for controlling irrigation and fertilization.

P.16: Lossy Utility based Outage Compensation in Next Generation Networks 

M. Rubaiyat Kibria (The University of Sydney, AU); Abbas Jamalipour (University of Sydney, AU)

Next Generation Networks (NGN) are envisaged to offer ubiquitous service access to roaming users across network boundaries. However, dynamic network conditions such as link failure, traffic congestion and so on prevailing in the network limits the provisioning of such uninterrupted service guarantee. Since the commercial viability of a network in a competitive market depends on the perceived user satisfaction, to atone for the service discontinuity (otherwise known as the outage loss) some form of compensation ought to be provided. Mathematical models arising from the game theory offer viable solutions for deducing a fair distribution of this compensation among different service types (i.e., flat rate based and volume based). In this paper we propose a non-cooperative game theory based pricing mechanism that compensates the user by reducing the unit service charge across different subscription classes (i.e., economic, silver and gold). A lossy utility function is utilized to derive the highest amount of cost reduction that the network can accommodate. Governed by the Nash equilibrium points, the fair distribution of this cost reduction among different service types (as demonstrated by simulation results) form the subject matter of this paper.

P.17: New Media for New Paradigms 

Peter Excell (University of Wales, UK)

Evolving consumer needs and desires for rich media services are explored from the point of view of three sources of insight: reluctant/disabled adopters, mobile services and the Kurzweil singularity. While it may be too facile to talk of convergence as a unified objective, the growth of synergy, flexibility and of similar services within competing offerings means that the challenge of utilisation of the uplink channel, characterised as a decrease in ‘asymmetricity’ should be a focal point for attention.

It is argued that:
  1. 1. There is a large unaddressed potential market for variable-interactivity media;
  2. 2. Mobile television is likely to be a completely new paradigm, also supporting the variable-interactivity concept; and
  3. 3. The world post-singularity is likely to be radically changed and this is now so close that active efforts to plan for it are needed.
All of these observations require common standards to facilitate solutions.

P.18: Quick transfer of media stream in FMC environment 

Hiroshi Mineno (Shizuoka University, JP); Mizuki Yoshida (Shizuoka University, JP); Tadanori Mizuno (Shizuoka University, JP)

We investigate ways to reduce the delay when transferring media streams among networked media devices based on session initiation protocol (SIP) and its extensions. We assume that cellular phones would act as control points (CPs) for media devices connected to home networks and call such networks mobile personal area networks (mPANs). We propose a pre-negotiation scheme for SIP streaming mobility that enables a CP to quickly transfer media stream in an mPAN. Experimental results showed that the proposed scheme can achieve the signaling delay of less than 26 ms, which is 1/10th that of the previous scheme.

P.19: Support of IP Multi-Services through Admission Control 

Brikena Statovci-Halimi (Vienna University of Technology, AT)

Today's network use the traditional architectural segmentation of the network types in core, access and user equipment domains, whereby the core is responsible for managing user requirements in terms of switching/routing, bandwidth/QoS reservations, authentication and accounting, and the access network infrastructure is typically limited to allowing connectivity of the user equipment to the core. Within service management admission control has been recognized as a convenient mechanism to provide high-quality communication by ensuring resources availability. It represents a meaning in fulfilling the contracted service level agreement (SLA) between the user and the network provider. This paper provides a thorough analysis on different classification approaches for admission control techniques, while identifying their characteristics, differences and analogies. Currently, there is no standardized classification of admission control in the standards bodies. It further gives a more detailed analysis on the measurement-based admission control based on performance analysis, and introduces an admission control approach based on measurements. The performance of this algorithm is illustrated through simulation results.

P.20: Next generation policy for the e-communications sector: the role of the end user and technology 

Jolien Ubacht (Delft University of Technology/Faculty Technology, Policy & Manangement, NL); Jos Vrancken (Delft University of Technology/ Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, NL)

Recent technological developments in the e-communications sector have lowered the threshold for users of information and communication technology (ICT) to enter the virtual domains of the Internet and to start playing other roles in society. ICT users have shifted their role from passive receiver of information and media content towards an active role in becoming producers, like in user generated content, or owners of infrastructure components, like in WiFi hotspots. The end user is not just the end user anymore. The trend in technological innovations undoubtedly will encourage this role shifting even further. This raises policy issues such as for the governance of privately held components of publicly accessible infrastructures and such as issues of privacy and security in virtual worlds. These policy issues have a decentralized character that escapes formerly successful central policy arrangements. We claim that policy arrangements should explicitly include a role for end user participation and a role for technology into account. Coordination mechanisms in Open Software Development are presented as a first starting point towards innovative policy arrangements.
P.21: Partnership between Telecom Service Providers and Their Equipment Vendors in NGN 

Li Lin (University of Cambridge, UK)

This paper explores the partnership relationship between the telecom service providers and their equipment vendors in the deployment of NGN and the implications for standardization. First, as a seedbed and essential background of NGN, we introduce convergence along the value chain. Secondly, we explain the determinants behind the partnership relationship. Thirdly, we observe how telecom service providers and their equipment vendors cooperate with each other as partners in the roadmap communication, architecture and network design and solution testing of NGN. Fourthly, we explore the increasing need for the service providers and their equipment vendors to build a strong partnership in standardization and we believe that their partnership will be continuously based on open standards in the development of NGN.

P.22: Trends in the organization of standardization in the mobile telecommunication domain 

Endre Grøtnes (University of Oslo, NO)

The overall focus of this paper is to indicate some trends in the future organization of standardization in the mobile telecommunication area. The paper classifies the current standardization activities in the mobile telecommunication sector according to type of organization and scope of work. From this classification some current trends are identified. The classification shows that the key areas of interest for new standardization activities are in mobile handsets and other peripheral parts of the infrastructure, while the core infrastructure is handled by the old standardization organizations. The standardization dynamics is larger the further you come from the core parts of the mobile telecommunication infrastructure. From the current trends the paper makes a trajectory towards NGN standardization and predicts that the formal organization still will be in charge of the core infrastructure, the access network will see a standards war battle, consortia will develop the services but they will be geographically dispersed, and the functionality of the handset will be standardized according to an ex-post market scenario.

« TOP »  





 

 

Top - Feedback - Contact Us -  Copyright © ITU 2008 All Rights Reserved
Contact for this page : TSB EDH
Updated : 2008-07-18