Table of Contents

Introduction     v
 1 Scope
2 Normative references
        2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards
        2.2 Additional references
 3 Definitions
 4 Abbreviations
 5 Notation
 6 Convention
 7 Conformance
 8 Basic encoding rules
        8.1 General rules for encoding
                  8.1.1 Structure of an encoding
                  8.1.2 Identifier octets
                  8.1.3 Length octets
                  8.1.4 Contents octets
                  8.1.5 End-of-contents octets
        8.2 Encoding of a boolean value
        8.3 Encoding of an integer value
        8.4 Encoding of an enumerated value
        8.5 Encoding of a real value
        8.6 Encoding of a bitstring value
        8.7 Encoding of an octetstring value
        8.8 Encoding of a null value
        8.9 Encoding of a sequence value
       8.10 Encoding of a sequence-of value
       8.11 Encoding of a set value
       8.12 Encoding of a set-of value
       8.13 Encoding of a choice value
       8.14 Encoding of a value of a prefixed type
       8.15 Encoding of an open type
       8.16 Encoding of an instance-of value
       8.17 Encoding of a value of the embedded-pdv type
       8.18 Encoding of a value of the external type
       8.19 Encoding of an object identifier value
       8.20 Encoding of a relative object identifier value
       8.21 Encoding of an OID internationalized resource identifier value
       8.22 Encoding of a relative OID internationalized resource identifier value
       8.23 Encoding for values of the restricted character string types
       8.24 Encoding for values of the unrestricted character string type
       8.25 Encoding for values of the Useful Types
       8.26 Encoding for values of the TIME type and the useful time types
                  8.26.1 Encoding for values of the TIME type
                  8.26.2 Encoding for values of the DATE type
                  8.26.3 Encoding for values of the TIME-OF-DAY type
                  8.26.4 Encoding for values of the DATE-TIME type
                  8.26.5 Encoding for values of the DURATION type
 9 Canonical encoding rules
        9.1 Length forms
        9.2 String encoding forms
        9.3 Set components
10 Distinguished encoding rules
       10.1 Length forms
       10.2 String encoding forms
       10.3 Set components
11 Restrictions on BER employed by both CER and DER
       11.1 Boolean values
       11.2 Unused bits
       11.3 Real values
       11.4 GeneralString values
       11.5 Set and sequence components with default value
       11.6 Set‑of components
       11.7 GeneralizedTime
       11.8 UTCTime
                  11.8.4 Examples of valid representations
                  11.8.5 Examples of invalid representations
       11.9 The TIME type and the useful time types
12 Use of BER, CER and DER in transfer syntax definition
Annex A  Example of encodings
        A.1 ASN.1 description of the record structure
        A.2 ASN.1 description of a record value
        A.3 Representation of this record value
Annex B  Identification of Encoding Rules
Annex C  Illustration of real value encoding