Summary

According to different surveys, the number of wireless devices may reach trillions by 2020. The massive increase of wireless devices will lead to different interconnection and communication challenges. In this regard, most wireless devices would need to use device-to-device (D2D) communication.

In general, D2D communication may bring additional benefits to new wireless devices such as higher throughput, better cell coverage, spectrum efficiency and other valuable features of the cellular networks.

However,  there is still a need to specify a procedure which may switch between two algorithms used for D2D communication according to the cell status, as follows:

‒           communication algorithm which is used in a stable condition of the cell,

‒           communication algorithm which is used in the situation when the serving base station (BS) becomes unavailable at certain periods of time.

This procedure should be based on an energy efficient intra-cell clustering and the procedure should be able to reuse frequency between clusters. The key advantage of the procedure is the reducing of the signalling overhead.

Recommendation ITU-T Q.5022 describes a D2D communication procedure to be used as a part of the IMT‑2020 control plane.