Annex 1
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Prime degradations due
to background ionizations
3.1
TEC
3.2
Faraday
rotation
3.3
Group
delay
3.4
Dispersion
3.5
TEC
rate of change
4 Principal degradation
due to irregularities
4.1
Scintillation
4.2
Geographic,
equinoctial and solar dependence of scintillations
4.3
Ionospheric
scintillation model
4.4
Instantaneous
statistics and spectrum behaviour
4.5
Geometric
consideration
4.6
Cumulative
statistics
4.7
Simultaneous
occurrence of ionospheric scintillation and rain fading
4.8
Gigahertz
scintillation model
5 Absorption
5.1
Auroral
absorption
5.2
Polar
cap absorption
6 Summary