CONTENTS

Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR)
 1     Introduction
 2     Incumbent service characteristics and protection criteria
 3     Characteristics of oceanographic radars
 4     Theoretical ground-wave analysis
        4.1     Ground-wave propagation model
        4.2     Input parameters for GRWAVE based analysis
        4.3     Path loss calculation
        4.4     Derivation of noise and maximum interference levels
                  4.4.1     External noise calculation
                  4.4.2     Man-made noise
                  4.4.3     Galactic noise
                  4.4.4     Atmospheric noise
                  4.4.5     Resulting external noise calculation
        4.6     Results
                  4.6.1     Land path
                  4.6.2     Sea path
 5     Frequency dependent rejection analysis
        5.1     Transmitter masks
        5.2     Receiver selectivity curve
        5.3     Frequency separation analysis results
 6     Theoretical sky-wave analysis
        6.1     Interference from oceanographic radars to the fixed and mobile services by sky-wave wanted link signal to noise ratio-based analysis
                  6.1.1     Methodology
                  6.1.2     Results
                  6.1.3     Discussion
        6.2     Sky-wave interference from fixed systems to oceanographic radars
                  6.2.1     Analysis methodology
                  6.2.2     Analysis results
        6.3     Aggregate sky-wave interference from multiple oceanographic radars to a fixed system
        6.4     RECAREA sky-wave analysis over Europe
                  6.4.1     Sky-wave propagation model
                  6.4.2     Methodology
                  6.4.3     External noise calculation
                  6.4.4     Short-term interfering time
                  6.4.5     Long-term interfering time
                  6.4.6     Results
        6.5     Worldwide RECAREA sky-wave analysis
                  6.5.1     Sky-wave propagation model
                  6.5.2     Methodology
                  6.5.3     Worldwide RECAREA sky-wave analysis results
 7     Results of field measurements
        7.1     Spectrum occupancy
        7.2     Ground-wave interference measurements
        7.3     Sky-wave measurements
 8     Interference mitigation techniques
 9     Summary
        9.1     Ground-wave analysis
                  9.1.1     Results for frequencies below 30 MHz
                  9.1.2     Results for frequencies above 30 MHz
        9.2     Sky-wave analysis
        9.3     Frequency dependent rejection analysis
        9.4     Field measurements
                  9.4.1     Spectrum occupancy measurements
                  9.4.2     Groundwave interference measurements
                  9.4.3     Sky-wave measurements
        9.5     Experimental analysis
        9.6     Interference mitigation
10     Conclusions
Attachment 1  Results from the sky-wave signal to noise ratio-based link analysis
Attachment 2  Calculation of the interfering time ratio for oceanographic radars in each frequency band
2-1     5 MHz (System 1, Table 1)
2-2     9 MHz (Systems 5 and 10, Table 1)
2-3     13 MHz (Systems 2 and 6, Table 1)
2-4     16 MHz (System 7, Table 1)
2-5     25 MHz (Systems 3, 8, 11, and 12, Table 1)
2-6     45 MHz (Systems 4 and 13, Table 1)
Attachment 3  Calculation of external noise levels in the different frequency bands
3-1     5 MHz
3-2     9 MHz
3-3     13 MHz
3-4     16 MHz
3-5     25 MHz
Attachment 4  Results from RECAREA sky-wave analysis worldwide
Attachment 5  Results of CW propagation measurements within the frequency band 3-50 MHz
5-1     Measurement objectives, system and methodology
      5-1.1     Measurement objectives
      5-1.2     Measurement system
      5-1.3     Measurement methodology
5-2     Analysis methodology
5-3     Measurements
      5-3.1     40.18 and 43.689 MHz measurements
      5-3.2     25 MHz measurements
      5-3.3     41.9 MHz measurements
5-4     Conclusions
5-5     Summary
Attachment 6  Observation of the radio environment in the frequency band 3-50 MHz
6-1     Purpose
6-2     System overview
6-3     Test and results
      6-3.1     3 to 10 MHz range
      6-3.2     10 to 20 MHz range
      6-3.3     20 to 50 MHz range
6-4     Calculations and analysis
      6-4.1     Calculations
Calculation of Interference level for RD-02
Calculation of Interference level for RD-03
      6-4.2     Analysis
6-5     Conclusion and remarks
Attachment 7  Observation of ground-wave oceanographic radar emission impact into HF receivers
Measurements to determine potential interference to mobile stations in the frequency band 10 to 13.5 MHz from oceanographic radars
7-1     Scope
7-2     Introduction
7-3     Oceanographic radar system
7-4     HF radio system
7-5     Measurement set-up
7-6     Measurements results
7-7     Conclusions
Attachment 8  Observation of sky-wave oceanographic radar emission into HF receivers
8-1     Introduction
8-2     Measurements of potential interference via sky-wave
8-3     Conclusions
Attachment 9  Oceanographic radar interference mitigation techniques and spectrum efficiency improvements – Technical and operational considerations
9-1     Introduction
9-2     Geometry of problem
9-3     List of potential interference mitigation techniques
      9-3.1     Time multiplexing
      9-3.2     Reduce oceanographic radar spectral occupancy
9-4     Reduce interfering energy density
      9-4.1     Directive transmit radiation patterns
      9-4.2     Transmit antenna arrays to minimize ground-wave signals back over land
      9-4.3     Directive effect of land to minimize ground-wave signals back over land
      9-4.4     Directive effect of land to minimize sky-wave signal interference back over land
      9-4.5     Added horizon attenuations not included in above studies
9-5     Reduce interfering energy occurrence
      9-5.1     Use spread-spectrum techniques
      9-5.2     Lower oceanographic radar radiated power
9-6     Reducing out-of-band interference
      9-6.1     Pulse shaping, filtering and signal gating
      9-6.2     Low-pass filtering
      9-6.3     Band-pass filtering
      9-6.4     Pulse shaping
      9-6.5     Signal gating
9-7     Conclusions
Attachment 10  Study of sky-wave propagation interference impact in the Darwin region
10-1     Introduction
10-2     Method
     10-2.1     Incumbent receiver
     10-2.2     Sky-wave propagation model
     10-2.3     External noise model
     10-2.4     Calculation of INR
10-3     Results
     10-3.1     Interference occurrence
10-4     Conclusions
Attachment 11  An experimental study for the evaluation of compatibility criteria between HF oceanographic radars and digital data systems
11-1     Introduction
11-2     Description of experimental setup
11-3     Description of experiment
11-4     Results and conclusion
Attachment 12  Glossary