Preface
Final report
Table of Contents
List of Tables, Figures and Boxes
     Table 1: ICNIRP 1998 reference levels for occupational and general public exposure
     Table 2: Maximal power from handsets: Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) (W/kg) 
     Table 3: Extract of responses to survey
     Table 4: Overall comparison of power density and SAR
     Table 5: National practices
     Figure 1: ICNIRP 1998 electric field-strength for occupational and general public exposure
     Figure 2: ICNIRP 1998 power-density reference levels; above 10MHz only
     Figure 3: Three dimensions FM exposure-contours
     Figure 4: Two dimensions FM exposure-contours
     Figure 5: Three dimensions cellular exposure-contours, showing buildings impacted
     Figure 6: Two dimensions cellular exposure-distances
     Figure 7: Three dimensions exposure, with ITU-R F.699 antenna patterns; 40 kW eirp
     Figure 8: Two dimensions exposure-distances with ITU-R F.699 antenna patterns
     Figure 1A: Does your country have a standard or specification that determines the exposure limits?
     Figure 2A: Which type of legislation and/or regulation exists in your country?
     Figure 3A: What kind of organizational structure of responsible authorities exists in your country?
     Figure 4A: What kind of measures are taken with consideration to possible sensitive areas (schools, hospitals, etc.) and vulnerable populations (pregnant women, children, etc.)?
     Figure 5A: What is the approximate timeframe to assess a radiocommunication site?
     Figure 6A: Is the time frame specified in a law/decree/norm/guidelines, etc.?
     Figure 7A: What is the approximate expense of assessing a conventional (used in populated areas) radiocommunication site?
     Figure 8A: Are such expenses specified in a law/decree/norm/guidelines, etc.?
     Figure 9A: Who will pay for the assessment of a radiocommunication site?
     Figure 10A: What is the Specific Absorption Ratio (SAR) limit for mobile terminals in your country?
     Figure 11A: Is there any special legislation and/or regulation for the deployment of radiocommunication infrastructures in your country? If yes, please specify.
     Figure 12A: Detailed answers related to special legislation and/or regulation for the deployment of radiocommunication infrastructures in countries.
     Figure 13A: What constitute some good practices on how to raise the awareness in the population/country on issues concerning human exposure to electromagnetic fields?
     Figure 14A: What constitute some good practices on how to bring the exposure information to the attention of the population?
     Figure 15A: Does your country enforce obligations for radiocommunication site owners?
     Figure 16A: Detailed answers related to obligations for radiocommunication site owners.
     Figure 17A: The distribution of the electromagnetic environment in Beijing
     Figure 18A: The EMF map
Executive Summary
1	CHAPTER 1 – Introduction
     1.1	Background
     1.2	Scope of the Report
2	CHAPTER 2 – ITU Resolutions
     2.1	PP-14 Resolution
     2.2	WTDC-14 Resolution
     2.3	WTSA-16 Resolution
3	CHAPTER 3 – Work of other ITU Sectors
     3.1	ITU-T Study Groups
          3.1.1	Question 7/5
          3.1.2	ITU EMF Guide
          3.1.3	EMF considerations in smart sustainable cities
          3.1.4	ITU-T Recommendations
     3.2	ITU-R Study Groups
          3.2.1	ITU-R Recommendation and Handbook
4	CHAPTER 4 – International EMF activities and exposure limits
     4.1	World Health Organization (WHO)
     4.2	ICNIRP 1998 Guidelines − Reference levels
          4.2.1	ICNIRP 1998 limits applicable to fixed transmitters
          4.2.2	ICNIRP 1998 limits applicable to cellular handsets
     4.3	Regional, national and comparative exposure limits
          4.3.1	EMF regulations in Europe
5	CHAPTER 5 – Case studies based on responses received to survey
6	CHAPTER 6 – Comparison of exposure limits
7	CHAPTER 7 – Field-strength around transmitters
     7.1	Field-strength around FM transmitters
     7.2	Field-strength around cellular transmitters
     7.3	Field-strength around point-to-point transmitters
8	CHAPTER 8 – Stakeholder responsibilities and national practices
     8.1	Roles for national authorities
     8.2	National practices in some countries
     8.3	Policies to limit human exposure to radiofrequency fields
          8.3.1	Policies to reduce human exposure
          8.3.2	Mitigation techniques to decrease the radiofrequency exposure level
Abbreviations and acronyms
Annexes
Annex 1: Survey on strategies and policies concerning human exposure to EMF
Annex 2: List of contributions for ITU-D Study Group 2 and Rapporteur Group meetings directly related to Question 7/2
Annex 3: Bibliography
Annex 4: Information available related to exposure to EMF in some European countries
Annex 5: European Commission’s Scientific Steering Committee (SCENIHR)
Annex 6: Case studies